science

Question 1

what are nutrients?

Answer 1

molecules in food that provide the body with energy and materials essential for growth and development

Question 2

bodys main source of energy

Answer 2

carbohydrates

Question 3

building blocks of proteins

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

molecule made out of amino acids

Answer 4

proteins

Question 5

what are the 10 amino acids

Answer 5

arginine, histidine, methionine, tryptophan, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine, lysine, and isoleucine

Question 6

whats deficiency

Answer 6

inability of certain enzymes or hormones to be synthesized

Question 7

foods that are rich in protein

Answer 7

meat, fish, egg, milk, seeds, and nuts

Question 8

children whose diets are deficient in proteins may develop a disease called?

Answer 8

kwashiorkor

Question 9

the recomended daily amount of protein for an average adult

Answer 9

0.36 grams or 50 to 100 grams per day

Question 10

children that has kwashiorkor develop a

Answer 10

swollen abdomens and scaly, cracked skin, delay brain development and decrease cognitive function

Question 11

also another energy providing foods

Answer 11

fats

Question 12

helps reatain body tempt and cushion internal organs

Answer 12

fats

Question 13

too much fat

Answer 13

atherosclerosis

Question 14

this can be stored in the fats of the body

Answer 14

fat - soluble vitamins

Question 15

complex organic molecules needed in small amounts and cannot be manufactured by the human body

Answer 15

vitamins

Question 16

cannot be stored in the body and must be obtained by eating vitamin-rich foods

Answer 16

water - soluble vitamins

Question 16

foods rich in vitamins

Answer 16

fruits, vegetable (green and yellow), grains,meat

Question 17

fat soluble vitamis

Answer 17

A, D, E, K

Question 18

foods rich in fats

Answer 18

butter, cheese, fatty meat, nuts, fish liver

Question 19

inorganic substances that do not provide energy but are important for different body functins

Answer 19

minerals

Question 20

minerals

Answer 20

calcium, sodium, chlorine, phosphorus, potassium, iron

Question 21

humans and mammals are made up of about how many percent of water?

Answer 21

70% water

Question 22

how many liters do a normal adult should drink every day

Answer 22

3 liters

Question 23

the ____ breaks down food into simpler nutrients that can be absorbed by the body

Answer 23

the digestive system

Question 24

consumption of food from these sources and the processes that convert food substances into living matter known as _____

Answer 24

nutrition

Question 25

mode of feeding found in animals is known as ______

Answer 25

holozoic nutrition

Question 26

intake of food

Answer 26

ingestion

Question 27

broken down into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body cell

Answer 27

digestion

Question 28

transport and use of absorbed nutrients

Answer 28

assimilation

Question 29

food materials are absorbed by the body cells

Answer 29

absorption

Question 30

removal of undigested material out

Answer 30

ELIMINATION

Question 31

food is broken down into nutrients through a process called ____

Answer 31

digestion

Question 32

this is where solid food is broken down into small pieces by the chewing action of teeth

Answer 32

mouth

Question 33

common passage for food and air

Answer 33

pharynx

Question 34

to carry what is eaten

Answer 34

esophagus

Question 35

two layers of muscles cause ryhtmic wavelike contractions of the wall of the gut

Answer 35

peristalsis

Question 36

j shaped organ/ churn the food into sloppy soup

Answer 36

stomach

Question 37

dilute solution of hydrochloric acid and pepsin

Answer 37

gastric juice

Question 38

an active enzyme secreted by the cells of the gasrtic glands

Answer 38

pepsin

Question 39

acidic liquid mixture

Answer 39

chyme

Question 40

the stomach is connected to the small intestine by a muscular valve called ____

Answer 40

pyloric sphincter

Question 41

process by which digested food materials are absorbed by the cells

Answer 41

food absoprtion

Question 42

3 parts of the small intestines

Answer 42

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 43

tiny fingerlike structures

Answer 43

villi

Question 44

undigested food leaves the small intestine and enters the _______

Answer 44

large intestine

Question 45

what are the alimentary canal or digestive tract

Answer 45

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, pharynx, anus

Question 46

accessory organs

Answer 46

pancreas, liver, gallblader, salivary glands, teeth and tongue

Question 47

excess fat is stored in special tissues called

Answer 47

adipose tissues

Question 48

second largest organ and the largest gland in the human body

Answer 48

liver

Question 49

a greenish yellow alkaline liquid containing bile salts and bile pigments

Answer 49

bile

Question 50

where is the bile stored, where is it attached

Answer 50

a greenish yellow bag attached to the liver called esophagus

Question 51

control of the blood sugar level in the body and in the utilization of carbohydrates

Answer 51

insulin

Question 52

development of diseases of the digestive system known as

Answer 52

gastrointestinal disease

Question 53

occurs when the lining of the large intestine cannot maintain the usual level of water absorption

Answer 53

diarrhea

Question 54

how can you prevent diarrhea

Answer 54

proper handwashing

Question 55

stool moves too slowly in the colon, this happens when the colon reabsorbs too much water

Answer 55

constipation

Question 56

inflammation of the liver caused by excessive consumption of alcohol or by a vital infection

Answer 56

hepatitis

Question 57

caused by the hepatitis virus HAV and is contracted through exposure to water or food contaminated with fecal matter

Answer 57

Hepatitis A / infectious hepatitis

Question 58

caused by the hepatitis b virus HBV and is tranmitted through transfusions of contaminated blood, sharing of contaminated needles or sexual contact with an infected individual

Answer 58

Hepatitis b or serum hepatitis

Question 59

hepatitis can be prevented through what

Answer 59

vaccination

Question 60

these are cyrstals formed when there is too much cholesterol, blie slates, and calcium in the gallbladder

Answer 60

gallstones

Question 61

how can you get rid of gallstones

Answer 61

dissolution therapy(medecines are used), and surgical removal of gallstone are next option

Question 62

inflammation of the appendix

Answer 62

appendicitis

Question 63

you can remove appendicitis by

Answer 63

surgical removal of the appendicitis

Question 64

these are open sores found in the esophagus (esophageal ulcer), stomach (gastric ulcer), and duodenum of the small intestine (duodenal ulcer)

Answer 64

peptic ulcer

Question 65

this is also known as piles, occur when rectal veins become inflamed and enlarged as a result of straining to eliminate hard stool

Answer 65

hemorrhoids