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SCIENCE Flashcards

1
Q

Is a reaction wherein a heavy nucleus is bombarded by neutrons and thus becomes
unstable, which causes it to decompose into two nuclei with equivalent size and
magnitude, with a great detachment of energy and the emission of two or three
neutrons.

A

NUCLEAR FISSION

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2
Q

It is a nuclear process, where energy is produced by smashing together light atoms. It is
the opposite reaction to fission, where heavy isotopes are split apart

A

NUCLEAR FUSSION

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3
Q

A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving toward each other.

A

CONVERGENT PLATE

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4
Q

Who discovered the the table of elements in 1869?

A

Dimitri Mendeleev

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5
Q

An organism that has
complete or partial reproductive organs and produces gametes normally associated with both
male and female sexes.

A

HERMAPRODITE

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6
Q

Everything we can see and study directly

A

CRUST

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7
Q

Everything we know about the mantle we know indirectly

A

MANTLE

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8
Q

It’s generally believed that the inner core is growing very slowly – as the core cools
down, more of the outer core solidifies and becomes a part of the inner core.

A

THE INNER CORE

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9
Q

A low viscosity fluid (about ten times the viscosity of liquid metals at
the surface) – “liquid” is a rather improper term.

A

THE OUTER CORE

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10
Q

How old is the universe?

A

13.8 billion years

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11
Q

It is the smallest component of an element that
still has the properties of that element.

A

SMALL UNIT OF ATOM

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12
Q

Which planet is gigantic?

A

JUPITER

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13
Q

Which planet is not a gas gigantic?

A

A gas giant is a large planet composed mostly of gases, such as hydrogen and helium, with a relatively small rocky core.

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14
Q

Which planet is a gas giant?

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

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15
Q

This is known as the law of reflection.

A

REFLECTION OF WAVES

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16
Q

Involves a change in the direction of waves as they pass from one medium to another.

A

REFRACTION OF WAVES

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17
Q

Involves a change in direction
of waves as they pass through an opening or around a barrier in their path.

A

DIFFRACTION OF WAVES

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18
Q

all boundary behaviors of waves associated with the
bending of the path of a wave.

A

REFLECTION, REFRACTION, AND DIFFRACTION

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19
Q

With the exception of hydrogen, the elements on the left-hand side of the periodic table are ___

A

METALS

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20
Q

There is a zig-zag line toward the right side of the periodic table that acts as a sort of border
between metals and nonmetals.

A

METALLIODS or SENTIMENTALS

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21
Q

The elements on the right-hand side of the periodic table are the ____

A

NONMETALS

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22
Q

The arrangement of the periodic table organizes elements with related properties.

A

PERIODS AND GROUPS IN THE PERIODIC TABLE

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23
Q

Groups are the columns of the table.

A

ELEMENT GROUPS

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24
Q

The rows in the periodic table are called periods.

A

ELEMENT PERIODS

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25
Q

You can use the organization of elements in the periodic table to predict how elements will
form bonds with each other to form compounds.

A

CHEMICAL BONDING TO FORM COMPOUNDS

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26
Q

Form between atoms with very different electronegativity values.

A

IONIC BONDS

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27
Q

This type of bond forms between nonmetal atoms.

A

COVALENT BONDS

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28
Q

Metals also bond to other metals to share valence electrons in what becomes an electron sea
surrounding all the affected atoms.

A

METTALIC BONDS

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29
Q

What is the softest mineral?

A

Talc Mg3Si4O10
(OH)2

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30
Q

“A body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion
will remain in motion unless it is acted upon by an external force.”

A

FIRST LAW OF MOTION

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31
Q

“The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that
object times its acceleration.”

A

SECOND LAW OF MOTION

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32
Q

“For every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.”

A

THIRD LAW OF MOTION

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33
Q

What are the three different tiny particles that make up an atom?

A

PROTONS, NEUTRONS, AND ELECTRONS

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34
Q

Which of these is in the center of the atom?

A

PROTONS AND NEUTRONS

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35
Q

What zooms around the nucleus of an atom?

A

ELECTRONS

36
Q

Which one has a positive charge, a negative charge, and no charge?

A

Proton—positive; electron—negative; neutron—no charge

37
Q

Are a type of subatomic particle with a negative charge.

A

ELECTRONS

38
Q

Are a type of subatomic particle with a positive charge.

A

PROTONS

39
Q

Are a type of subatomic particle with no charge (they’re neutral).

A

Neutrons

40
Q

the cup-shaped depression or cavity on the surface of the earth or other heavenly body
marking the orifice of a volcano.

A

CRATER

41
Q

How to tell if a flower is complete or incomplete?

A

A flower that is missing male or female parts is an imper- fect flower. Plants may have
flowers that are complete or incomplete. If a flower has sepals, petals, pis- tils, and
stamens, it is a complete flower.

42
Q

A periodic disturbance that moves away from a source and
carries energy with it.

A

WAVE

43
Q

Refers to the distance between any successive identical parts of
the wave.

A

WAVELENGHT OF A WAVE

44
Q

a series of periodic waves is the number of waves
that pass a particular point every one second.

A

FREQUENTCY OF A WAVE

45
Q

This is a wave wherein the particles of the medium move in the direction that is
perpendicular to that of the wave.

A

TRANSVERSE WAVE

46
Q

One that moves parallel to the direction
of waves of particles in motion.

A

LONGITUDINAL WAVE

47
Q

Periodic changes occur in electric and magnetic fields

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

48
Q

Also termed as De Broglie waves.

A

MATTER WAVES

49
Q

carries the genetic information
in all living organisms.

A

DNA

50
Q

is a protein molecule that
catalyzes biochemical reaction.

A

Enzyme

51
Q

a single stranded type of nucleic
acids that is mostly involved in protein synthesis.

A

RNA

52
Q

(also called genetic
modification) is a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism. Artificial manipulation,
modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules in order to modify
an organism.

A

Genetic Engineering

53
Q

is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism. (Blueprint of Life)

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

54
Q

The technology used for producing artificial DNA through the combination of different
genetic materials (DNA) from different sources.

A

Recombinant DNA Technology

55
Q

breeding involves selecting a parent that have characteristics of interest in the hope that their offspring inherit those desirable characteristics.

A

Classical breeding

56
Q

Different version of a gene
resulting in contracting effect on a
characteristic, e.g. tallness and shortness.

A

ALLELES

57
Q

Genes are made up of sequences of
DNA and are arranged, one after another,at specific locations on chromosomes in the nucleus of cells.

A

GENE

58
Q

Observable characteristics of
an individual with respect to the gene.

A

PHENOTYPE

59
Q

Allele processed by an individual
for a particular gene.

A

GENOTYPE

60
Q

An individual with 2
different alleles for a gene.

A

HETEROZYGOUS

61
Q

An individual with identical
alleles for a gene; also called PURE BREED.

A

HOMOZYGOUS

62
Q

One allele dominant trait in a pair may mask the other (recessive trait) preventing the
other from having an effect.

A

Principle of Dominance

63
Q

Each allele pair segregates
independently of other allele pairs.

A

Law of Independent Assortment

64
Q

Allele for a character is segregated into different gametes

A

Law of Segregation

65
Q

organisms made up of cells that possess a membrane-bound nucleus that holds genetic material as
well as membrane-bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotes

66
Q

organisms made up of cells that lack a cell nucleus or any membrane-encased organelles.

A

Prokaryotes

67
Q

“geosphere”

A

land

68
Q

“hydrosphere”

A

water

69
Q

“biosphere”

A

living
things

70
Q

“atmosphere”

A

air

71
Q

The comparison of an unknown
quantity with a known standard of
the same nature.

A

Measurement

72
Q

is a physical quantity
that has only a
magnitude (size)

A

scalar

73
Q

is a physical quantity
that has both
magnitude and a
direction.

A

vector

74
Q

•an object that is falling
under the sole influence of
gravity.
• Regardless of how light of
heavy an object is , its
velocity will increase by 9.8
m/s after every second.

A

FREE FALL

75
Q

can be demonstrated by objects or
bodies whose position, velocity and
acceleration moves along a straight line

A

RECTILINEAR MOTION

76
Q

•Vector quantity
• The measure of an objects
position relative to a
reference point from the
initial position to the final
position

A

DISPLACEMENT

77
Q

•Scalar quantity
• The total path
taken or traveled
by an object

A

DISTANCE

78
Q

concerned with how
motions are affected by
forces that act on
objective

A

DYNAMICS

79
Q

Study of motion of points,
objects, and groups of
objects without considering
of its motion

A

KINEMATICS

80
Q

is the field of physics
dealing with the effects of
forces on an object.

A

MECHANICS

81
Q

are organisms made up of cells that possess a membrane-bound nucleus that holds genetic material as
well as membrane-bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotes

82
Q

are organisms made up of cells that lack a cell nucleus or any membrane-encased organelles.

A

Prokaryotes

83
Q

• Formed under conditions of heat and pressure similar to the
environment in which igneous rocks are formed. They change while the
rock is still solid.
• Formed below the surface of the earth through the process of
metamorphism with the recrystallization of minerals in rocks due to
changes in pressure and temperature conditions.

A

METAMORPHIC ROCK

84
Q

• Formed by the cooling and crystallization of hot, molten rock
material called magma. Igneous means “formed by fire”. It makes
up about 95% of the Earth’s crust.
• Differentiating magma and lava. Magma is a molten rock
material beneath the surface of the earth. Lava is molten rock
material extruded to the surface of the earth through a central
vent (volcano) or as fissure eruption.

A

IGNEOUS ROCK

85
Q

The most common in the uppermost portion of the crust. These
rocks account for about 75% of the rocks on the surface.
• Sedimentary rocks are formed when weathered products are
transported by running water and later deposited in the ocean
where it is lithified. (compaction and cementation).
• formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once living
organisms.

A

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

URS (5 decks)

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