Science Flashcards
Branch of natural science concerned with earth and other astronomical objects, rock formation
Geology
Horizontal reference point starting at the plumpest part of earth
Equator
East, West
Latitude
North South
Longitude
Longitude start here, which corresponds to 0°, divides east and west
Prime meridian
Direction or degree for example Paris 40° north latitude
Absolute location
Relative to the place located for examples located the 5 miles west from the mall
Relative location
Location that is related to an island
Insular location
One that is in the neighbourhood of some other feature
Vicinal location
DENR
Department of environment and natural resources
Materials that can be replaced or replenished over a reasonable span of time
Renewable resources
Cannot be replaced over a reasonable amount of time
Nonrenewable resources
Made up of plants like ferns and trees
Coal
Zooplankton and algae, takes lesser time to form than natural grass
Petroleum
Zooplankton and algae, takes longer time to form than crude oil
Natural gas
Synthetic material used in making clothes
Polyester
Detergent
Synthetic material
The study long-term increase of temperature on earth. Can lead to several consequences
Global warming
Climate change can be irreversible by 2030
.
Rainfall, weather, cloud formation, 75% of atmosphere gases is here
Troposphere
19% of atmosphere gases is here
Ozone layer is also here
Stratosphere
Protection from UV
Ozone layer
Meteors and shooting stars are formed here
It’s part of the cool region
Mesosphere
There is no air and gases here
Thermosphere
Some of the most important energy sources in our world today
Fossil fuels
This is the outermost layer of earth, first layer that protects us from the sun
Exosphere
What are the layers of the atmosphere
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
From Indian word mawsim meaning seasons
Seasonally changing winds caused by connection currents that bring additional rain or dry cold air depending on where they come from
Monsoon
Known as Hanging habagat
convection current brings humid air from Indian Ocean and moves from south west
June to October
Southwest monsoon
Hanging amihan; convection currents coming from Siberia and China that blows cool air over the entire South East Asian region
November to may
North-east monsoon
Winds that blow from a single direction over a specific area of earth
Prevailing surface winds
What does ITCZ mean?
Intertropical convergence zone
Belt of low pressure which circles the earth generally near the equator where the Tradewinds of the northern and southern hemispheres come together
Intertropical convergence zone
Amount of hours of daylight is a part of earth that is dictated by two factors
Earth’s orbit
Earth is farthest from the sun
Happens in July
Aphelion
Earth is closest to the sun
Happens during December or January
Perihelion
Same hours of the day and night
Equinox
Longest or shortest hours of daylight
Solstice
Earth axial tilt is about 23.5° this causes the seasons
Tilt of the Earth
0 to 23.5°, In the regions between the equator and the tropics (equatorial region), the solar radiation reaches the ground nearly vertically at noontime during almost the entire year. Thereby, it is very warm in these regions
Tropical zone
23.5°–40°
receive the highest radiation in summer, since the Sun’s angle at noon is almost vertical to the Earth, whilst the cloud cover is relatively thin
Subtropics
40°–60°
the solar radiation arrives with a smaller angle, and the average temperatures here are much cooler than in the subtropics. The seasons and day length differ significantly in the course of a year
Temperate zone
60°–90°
The polar areas between 60° latitude and the poles receive less heat through solar radiation, since the Sun has a very flat angle toward the ground
Cold zone
Average weather of a locality over a period of time
Climate
Daily overall atmospheric conditions in an area
Weather
The characteristic weather patterns for that particular length of time
Seasons
What is PAGASA
Philippine atmospheric geophysical and astronomical services Administration they are responsible for weather and temperature forecasts
(June and October)
The atmosphere and the amount of solar radiation are two of these factors that play a big role.
Rainy season
are localized atmospheric phenomena made up of hundred of storm clouds that form over the oceans and bring with them heavy rains and strong winds
Tropical cyclones
caused by northeast monsoon, which can start from late October and end in early March
Cold dry season
coincides with the time the seasonal winds are transitioning between the cool dry season and the rainy season
Warm dry season
overall weakness you would feel because of overheating
Heat exhaustion
cramps that happen after excessive sweating
Heat cramps
most severe of the heat-related illnesses, which can happen when the body reaches a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius
Heat stroke
Formed when an object obstructs the path of light
Shadow
Darkest part of a shadow where light is completely blocked
Umbra
A lighter shadow surrounded by a darker region, is observed during certain conditions like solar eclipses
Antumbra
can be seen as the partially shaded area surrounding the umbra
Penumbra
Occurs when one celestial body passes through the shadow of another celestial body
Eclipse
occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, blocking or partially blocking the Sun’s light. This can result in a partial or total obscuration of the Sun as seen from Earth
Solar eclipse
takes place when Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, causing Earth’s shadow to be cast on the lunar surface. This results in a darkening or reddening of the Moon
Lunar eclipse
Moon partially covers the sun casting only a portion of its shadow on earth
Partial solar EclipsE
happens when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, but when it is at or near its farthest point from Earth
Annular solar eclipse
Moon completely covers the sun, blocking its entire disk
Total solar eclipse
Portion of moon moves into the earth’s umbra
Partial lunar eclipse
Entire moon moves into earths umbra
Total lunar eclipse
The moon passes through the earth’s penumbra
Penumbral lunar eclipse
