science

Question 1

Earthquakes are caused by masses of _____ shifting below Earth’s surface.

Answer 1

rock

Question 2

When the motion of the plates is blocked, stress builds up. Eventually, the stress is released as ___________ which travels as ____ waves

Answer 2

energy, seismic

Question 3

What is the tectonic plate movement and type of stress for divergent boundary?

Answer 3

Plates move apart and the stress is tension.

Question 4

What is the tectonic plate movement and type of stress for convergent boundary?

Answer 4

Plates are coming together, stress is compression.

Question 5

What is the tectonic plate movement and type of stress for transform boundary?

Answer 5

Plates are sliding past each other, stress is shearing.

Question 6

Define and explain Subduction

Answer 6

Convergent boundary, makes earthquakes. It is when two plates collide and the dense plate slips beneath the plate that is less dense.

Question 7

Define and give examples of where convection happens

Answer 7

Happens in the mantle, convection current

Question 8

Define and give examples of where conduction happens

Answer 8

Two substances touching, heat move from the warmer to the colder

Question 9

Define and explain what causes mid-ocean ridges

Answer 9

a ridge in the middle of the ocean, mountain underwater middle of ocean floor

Question 10

Define and explain what causes mountain ranges

Answer 10

plates push together

Question 11

Define and explain what causes rift valleys

Answer 11

Mountain rips apart, makes a valley in the middle

Question 12

Define plate tectonics

Answer 12

Lithosphere/crust, plates in constant motion driven by convection currents in mantle

Question 13

Explain the Ring of Fire and identify where it is located

Answer 13

The Ring of Fire is a big ring of active volcanoes and earthquakes and it is wrapped around the Pacific

Question 14

Define the following and identify where earthquakes are typically found

Answer 14

sudden violent shaking of ground due to seismic waves(plates move)

Question 15

Define the following and identify where volcanoes are typically found

Answer 15

Magma goes through the crust, found at(boundaries)edges of plates

Question 16

Explain what determines if a volcanic eruption is quiet or explosive

Answer 16

the content of the magma and the amount of gas

Question 17

what is seafloor spreading?

Answer 17

Seafloor spreading is a geological process when large slabs of Earth’s lithosphere splits apart from each other.

Question 18

what causes seafloor spreading?

Answer 18

Heat from the mantle’s convection currents make the crust more plastic and less dense as tectonic plates slowly move away from each other, and this crust rises which usually forms a mountain or an elevated area of the seafloor.

Question 19

Where does seafloor spreading occur?

Answer 19

At divergent plate boundaries.

Question 20

Describe how magma becomes the new seafloor.

Answer 20

The crust cracks eventually and hot magma spills onto the crust.

Question 21

What type of rock makes up the seafloor?

Answer 21

Igneous rock.

Question 22

How do the plates move during seafloor spreading?

Answer 22

They are diverging

Question 23

Where is the newest oceanic crust found?

Answer 23

Near the center of mid-ocean ridges.

Question 24

What happens to the age, density, and thickness of the ocean floor as you move away from the mid-ocean ridge?

Answer 24

It becomes cooler, more dense and more thick

Question 25

What is an ocean trench?

Answer 25

long, narrow depressions on the seafloor

Question 26

Where are the deepest trenches in the world found?

Answer 26

In the hadalpelagic zone

Question 27

What other hazards occur at that location?

Answer 27

The intense pressure, lack of sunlight, and frigid temperatures of the hadalpelagic zone make ocean trenches some of the most unique habitats on Earth.

Question 28

What type of plate boundary do ocean trenches form at?

Answer 28

The denser plate

Question 29

how an ocean trench forms.

Answer 29

Some ocean trenches are formed by the plate carrying continental crust and a plate carrying oceanic crust sliding downwards sideways

Question 30

What happens to the former seafloor in a subduction zone?

Answer 30

Rises through volcanoes located near the trench

Question 31

What force in the earth causes the plate movement for seafloor spreading and subduction zones?

Answer 31

Tension is what causes the plate movement for seafloor spreading as well as subduction zones.

Question 32

Is crust being created or destroyed at the mid-ocean ridge?

Answer 32

The crust is being destroyed at the mid-ocean ridge because the crust is splitting.

Question 33

Is crust being created or destroyed at subduction zones?

Answer 33

The crust is being created at the subduction zones.

Question 34

If an ocean has more subduction zones than mid-ocean ridges, is the ocean getting larger or smaller?

Answer 34

I think that the ocean will be getting smaller because the plates are coming together and therefore there is less space between two separate plates.

Question 35

The Atlantic Ocean has a very large mid-ocean ridge and only a few small subduction zones. What would you predict about the size of the Atlantic Ocean in the future?

Answer 35

I think the Atlantic Ocean will become larger or stay the same size since there might also be a chance that the mid-ocean ridge separates farther apart.

Question 36

The Pacific Ocean’s ring of fire is all subduction zones and it has a much smaller mid-ocean ridge. What would you predict about the size of the Pacific Ocean in the future?

Answer 36

The Pacific Ocean will be smaller in the future than it is now because the plates are coming together therefore causing the pacific ocean to become smaller.