Science Flashcards
What is the structure of a dna mole
The stucture is a double helix modle.
Where is DNA found.
DNA is found inside the nucleus of a cell.
Define the word gene
A gene is a section of a chromosome that code for a particular characteristic e.g. hair colour.
What is an allele?
An allel is an alternate form of a gene. E.g. if the gene is eye colour, the allele may be blue eyes, brown eye, green eyes.
What is the diffrence between dominant and recessive alleles.
Dominat is the bigger allele meaning that it is more likely to be the chosen option E.g. if the domant allele is blue and the recessive allele is green then there’s a higher chance of it being blue.
What are homozygous alleles.
Homozygous alleles are alleles that are the same. E.g. TT
What are heterozygous alleles.
Heterozygous alleles are alleles that are diffrent E.g. Tt.
Define phenotype.
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
What is a punnet square.
A punnet square is a table that show the chances of an allele being dominant ir ressesive
Name a genetically inherited disorder
Sickle Cell Disease.
Cystic fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis Liver Disease.
Brain, Nerves and Spine. Huntington’s Disease.
Cleft lip and palate. Cleft Lip and Palate
Name three satellite orbits
Geostationary orbit, low earth orbit, polar orbit
Name a theory on how the earth was created.
The flat Earth, the geocentric model, heliocentricity, galacticocentricity, the Big Bang
What is the big bang.
The big bang is a theory on how the earth was made the theory tells us that it was made by a fireball exploding.
How long ago was the big bang.
14 BILLION years ago.
What orbit would boradcasting use.
Geostationary
What orbit does weather forecasting use
LEO or polar
What orbit does the international space station use.
LEO
What orbit a spy satellite use
Geostationary,polar or LEO.
What orbit a spy satellite use
Geostationary,polar or LEO.
Name as many models of the solar system as you can.
Geocentric, Heliocentric
What is the geocentric model.
the geocentric model is a model of our solar system with earth at the center.
What is the heliocentric model.
The heliocentric model is the model of the solar system with the sun at the centre.
Name the three states of mater.
Gas ,Liquid ,Solid
Are boiling points for pure substances fixed.
Yes they are.
What is the boiling point for water.
100 degrees Celsius
What is selective breeding
Selective breeding is when humans choose parents to breed together.
These parents have particular desirable characteristics to and are likely to produce offspring with the same desirable characteristics.
What is genetic engineering
Genetic engineering is a process which involves:
Changing the genes of an organism
by introducing a gene from another organism to give a desired characteristic.
What does GMO stand for
Genetically modified organism.
What is ment by a clone
Cloning is making a genetically identical copy of an individual. It can happen naturally or artificially.
What is the change of state called from solid to liquid
Melting
What is the change of state from liquid to solid
Freezing
What is the change of state from solid to gas
Sublimation
What is the change of state called from gas to liquid
Condensation
Whats the change of state gas to solid
Deposition
What is the change of state called from liquid to solid.
Evaporation
How do you identify the melting and boiling point on a graph
The pause in tempurature rising.
Were do you find electrons
In the outer shell
Were do you find protons and nutron
In the nucleas
What charges does nuetron have
=
What charge does a proton have
+
What charge does an electron have
-
How do you find out the number of protons, elctrons and the atomic number
The bottom number on a periodic table is them same as them.
How do you get the number of nutrons.
The amout of protons.
How do you get the number of moles
Mass of the substance divided by the reletive formula mass
What is avagadros number
6.02 x 10 to the power of 23
How do you get the number of particals
Number of moles x avagadros number
How do you get the precentage of an element in a compound.
Mass of and element in a coumpound divided by the reletive formula mass x100
