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science Flashcards

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1
Q

magnet

A

any object that attracts the metal iron

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2
Q

magnetic pole

A

a place on a magnet where the force it applies is strongest

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3
Q

magnetic force

A

a force of attraction or repulsion between the poles of two magnets

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4
Q

attraction

A

when opposite poles of two magnets are near each other the resulting magnetic field applies a force of attraction

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5
Q

repulsion

A

when two like poles of two magnets are near each other the resulting magnetic field applies a force of repulsion

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6
Q

what does an invisible magnetic field do

A

surrounds all magnets, it is this magnetic field that applies forces on other magnets

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7
Q

what do iron fillings do

A

form a pattern of curved lines that reveal the magnet’s magnetic field

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8
Q

how can a magnets magnetic field be represented

A

lines, called magnetic field lines

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9
Q

where is the magnetic force the strongest

A

magnetic poles (where the lines are closest together)

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10
Q

how do the field and force become weaker

A

when the field lines become farther apart

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11
Q

what happens to the magnetic fields around two bar magnets that are brought together

A

the two fields combine and form one new magnetic field

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12
Q

how to the magnets repel

A

if similar poles of two magnets such as north and north or south and south are Brough near each other the magnets repel

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13
Q

what happens if the North Pole of one magnet is Brought near the South Pole of another magnet

A

the two magnets attract (the magnets will pull together)

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14
Q

similar poles _____, opposite poles _____

A

repel, attract

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15
Q

how does a magnetic force become stronger

A

as magnets move closer together

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16
Q

how does a magnetic force become weaker

A

as magnets move father apart

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17
Q

there are two magnetic poles on all magnets. what are they

A

North Pole and south pole

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18
Q

what happens when magnetic fields combine

A

they form field lines with different patterns

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19
Q

what do the new patterns (of field lines) depend on

A

whether the magnets are attracting or repelling each other

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20
Q

why does earth have a magnetic field

A

due to molten iron and nickel in its outer core

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21
Q

like magnets earth has what

A

north and south magnetic poles

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22
Q

a compass needle doesn’t point directly towards what

A

the poles of a magnet

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23
Q

What do the needles of a compass align with

A

the field lines and points in the direction of the field lines

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24
Q

How do auroras occur

A

a magnetic field surrounds earth. sometimes large numbers of particles from the sun travel along earth’s magnetic field lines and concentrate near the magnetic poles. There the particles collide with atoms of gases in the atmosphere causing the atmosphere to glow

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25
Q

magnetic material

A

any material the is strongly attracted to a magnet

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26
Q

ferromagnetic elements

A

elements including iron, nickel, and cobalt, that have an especially strong attraction to magnets

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27
Q

what does a magnetic field surround

A

every atom that makes up all materials

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28
Q

magnetic domain

A

a region in a magnetic material in which the magnetic fields of the atoms all point in the same direction

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29
Q

what happens when the fields around the atoms combine

A

they cancel each other

30
Q

most types of matter are ________ materials and are not attracted to ________

A

nonmagnetic, magnetics

31
Q

magnetic domain

A

a region in a magnetic material in which the magnetic fields of the atoms all point in the same direction

32
Q

what do magnetic fields of the atoms in a domain combine

A

a single field around the domain

33
Q

what directions do the magnetic fields of their domains point at

A

random directions

34
Q

what does an object need to be to be a magnet

A

its magnetic domains must align

35
Q

what causes to object to become a magnet

A

when the domains align their magnetic fields combine, forming a single magnetic field around the entire material

36
Q

temporary magnet

A

a magnet that quickly loses its magnetic field after being removed from a magnetic field

37
Q

permanent magnet

A

the magnet that remains a magnet after being removed from another magnetic field

38
Q

what are objects made of magnetic materials attracted to

A

magnets

39
Q

electromagnetic

A

a magnet created by wrapping a current-carrying wire around a ferromagnetic core

40
Q

how does a core become a magnet

A

when an electric current flows through the coil

41
Q

how does the strength of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire increase

A

when the wore is wound into a coil

42
Q

how do the magnetic field around the wire become stronger

A

the magnetic fields around the individual lips of the coil combine

43
Q

how is an electromagnet made

A

by placing a ferromagnetic material as a core within the wire coil

44
Q

example of a ferromagnetic material

A

iron, cobalt, and nikel

45
Q

how do you turn off the magnetic field around an electromagnet

A

by turning off the current

46
Q

how do you strengthen the magnetic force

A

increasing the electric current in the coil

47
Q

what does the strength of the magnetic force of an electromagnet depend on

A

the number of loops in the electromagnet’s wire coil

48
Q

how do you reverse an electromagnet’s north and south magnetic poles

A

changing the direction of the current in the wire coil

49
Q

electric motor

A

a device that uses an electric current to produce motion

50
Q

what is an electromagnet

A

a magnetic core within a current carrying wire coil

51
Q

how does an electric motor rotate

A

alternating attraction and repulsion between a permanent magnet and an electromagnet

52
Q

electric generator

A

a device that uses a magnetic field to transform mechanical energy to electric energy

53
Q

direct current

A

an electric current that flows in one direction

54
Q

alternating current

A

an electric current that changes direction in a regular pattern

55
Q

what happens when a wire moves through a magnetic field

A

an electric current is produced in the circuit

56
Q

there is no ______ when the coil is not moving

A

current

57
Q

turbine

A

a shaft with a set of blades that spins when a stream of pressurized fluid strikes the blades

58
Q

what happens when a turbine connects to an electric generator

A

it will spin as steam is forced through its blades

59
Q

how to do math problem

A

Vs = Vp X (Ns / Np)

60
Q

Np

A

number of loops on primary coil

61
Q

Ns

A

number of loops on secondary coil

62
Q

Vp

A

input voltage to primary coil

63
Q

Vs

A

output voltage from secondary coil

64
Q

what do power plants do

A

move electric energy through long-distance wires

65
Q

what do transformers do

A

raise and lower the voltage of the current as needed by homes and businesses

66
Q

what do electric generators do

A

transform mechanical energy to electric energy

67
Q

a magnetic field can produce what

A

electric current

68
Q

an electric current produces what

A

a magnetic field

69
Q

what turns an electric generator

A

steam or another source

70
Q

what does a step-up transformer do

A

increase the voltage for transmission

71
Q

what does a supply step-down transformer do

A

lowers the voltage to 120 V

72
Q

what does a step-down transformer do

A

decreases the voltage going into a neighborhood

Science (6 decks)

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