science Flashcards
what are the four groups of macromolecules:
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid
what are polymers made out of
monomers
what process removes water to build a polymer
dehydration synthisis
what process adds water to break down a polymer
hydrolosis
what is the function of carbohydrates
short-term energy storage
what is the monomer of carbohydrtaes
monosaccharides
what is the polymer of carbohydrates
polysaccharides
what is the structure of plants
cellulose
what is the sugar storage for plants
startch
what is the structure of animals
chitin
what is the sugar storgae of aniamls
glycogen
what is the main function of lipids
long-term energy storage,
what is the monomers of lipids
fatty acids & glycerol
what is the polymer of lipids
triglyceride
how many fatty acids are in a triglyceride
3 and 1 glycerol
which macromoloclues are all hydrophopic
lipids
what are
Phospholipids
a special lipid that is made of two fatty acids and one phosphate.
how many fatty acids and phosphates are in a Phospolipids
2 fatty acids, 1 phosphate
what is a Hydrophilic head
a phosphate group
what is a Hydrophobic tail
fatty acids
what do two layers of phospholipids make up
phospholipid bilayer aka the cell membrane.
what is the main function of proteins
run through your body
what do enzymes do
control the rate of chemical reactions
what control the rate of chemical reactions
enzymes
what do hormones do
regulate cell processes
what regulates cell processes
hormones
what dose structurally do
make up bones and muscles
what do proteins transport
substancs in and out of cell
what do antibodies do
help immune system fight diseases
what do receptors do
aid in cell signaling
what is the main function of nucleic acids
store and transmit genetic information,
what are nucleic acids found in
DNA and RNA
what is the monomer of nucleic acids
Nucleotides
what is the polymer of nucleic acids
DNA or RNA
what are the three parts of a nucleotide
5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base.
what are the three parts of a nucleotide
5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base.
what are the monomers of protiens
amino acids
