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EM > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

Beer-Lambert law relates to

A

Optics

Attenuation of light through material depending on its properties

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2
Q

Arrhenius equation

A

Chemical kinetics

Reaction rates dependent on temperature

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3
Q

Avogadros law

A

Thermodynamics

Relates number of molecules in volume of gas

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4
Q

Bells theorem

A

Quantum mechanics

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5
Q

Bernoulli’s principle

A

Fluid dynamics

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6
Q

Boltzmann equation

A

Thermodynamics
Behaviour of thermodynamic system not in equilibrium

Boltzmann constant = Number of particles in volume of gas

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7
Q

Boyles law

A

Thermodynamics

Volume and pressure of gas

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8
Q

Buys Ballots law

A

Meteorology

Wind travels clockwise around low pressure zones in northern hemisphere

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9
Q

Charles law

A

Thermodynamics

Gas expands when heated

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10
Q

Daltons law

A

Thermodynamics

Partial pressure

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11
Q

Descartes theorem

A

Geometry

Circles

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12
Q

Drake equation

A

Cosmology

Estimates number if extraterrestrial civilisations in milky way

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13
Q

Paul Erdos field

A

Mathematics

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14
Q

Euclids theorem

A

Mathematics

There are infinite prime numbers

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15
Q

Faradays laws

A

Electromagnetism and electrolysis

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16
Q

Fermats last theorem

A

For a^n + b^n = c^n can only be satisfied when n is 2 or less

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17
Q

Fermi paradox

A

Lack of clear signs of extraterrestrial life despite estimates its likely to exist

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18
Q

Ficks law

A

Diffusion

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19
Q

Fouriers law

A

Law of heat conduction

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20
Q

Gauss law

A

Distribution of electric charge to electric field

Also gauss law of magnetism

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21
Q

Heisenberg field

A

Quantum mechanics

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22
Q

Hess ‘s law

A

Thermodynamics

Total enthalpy of a chemical reaction is the same regardless of path taken

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23
Q

Hookes law

A

Compression of spring

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24
Q

Hubbles law

A

Galaxies are moving away from earth at speed proportionate to distance

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25
Q

Le Chateliers principle

A

Predicts effect of change in conditions on chemical equilibria

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26
Q

Marconis law

A

Relation between length of antenna and maximum signalling distance for radio transmissions

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27
Q

Moore law

A

Transistors in computers double every 2 years

28
Q

Occams razor

A

Oversimplification - simplest answer is probably the right one

29
Q

Ohms law

A

Current through a conducter is proportional to voltage across 2 points

30
Q

Pascal’s law

A

Fluid mechanics

Pressure change in incompressible fluid is transmitted through the fluid so the same change occurs everywhere

31
Q

Plancks law

A

Spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium

32
Q

Poisson distribution

A

Probability of a given number of event happening in discrete time or space

33
Q

Price theorem

A

Natural selection

How trait or allele changes in frequency over time

34
Q

Ptolemy field

A

Geometry

35
Q

Raman scattering

A

Scattering of photons by matter

36
Q

Snells law

A

Optics

Relationship between angles of incidence and refraction

37
Q

What is Young modulus

A

Tensile stress over tensile strain

38
Q

Newton’s first law

A

Velocity will not change unless net force acts on it

39
Q

Newton’s second law

A

Force is proportional to rate of change in momentum

Force = mass x acceleration

40
Q

Newton’s 3rd law

A

Every force has equal, opposite reaction

41
Q

What is unit of charge

A

Coulomb

Smallest unit of charge is electron

42
Q

Unit of current

A

Ampere

43
Q

What is unit of potential difference, ie work done per unit charge moved

A

Volt

44
Q

What is unit of work done

A

Joules

In everyday use, kilowatt-hour

In studying photons, electronvolt

45
Q

What is charge carrier in a) solids, b) liquids

A

Solids - electrons
Liquids - ions

Substance containing ions that conduct electricity = electrolyte

46
Q

What is unit of resistance

A

Ohms

47
Q

What is unit of power (rate of transfer of electricity)

A

Watts

48
Q

What did Max Planck discover

A

Electromagnetic waves can only be released in discrete packets, called quanta.

E.g. photons (suggested by einstein)

49
Q

What does De Broglie equation relate to

A

Relates how the properties of waves and particles relate

50
Q

What is pressure law

A

At constant volume, pressure of gas is proportional to temp

51
Q

Keplers laws developed when and in relation to what

A

1600, motion of planets around sun

52
Q

What is coulombs law

A

Finds force of attraction between 2 point charges

53
Q

Flemings left hand rule

A

Interaction of conductor perpendicular to a magnetic field

54
Q

What is Lenz’s law to do with

A

Electromagnetic fields

55
Q

What are hadrons

A

Particles that feel strong nuclear force. Made up of smaller particles quarks. Protons, neutrons are types

Leptons don’t feel strong nuclear force

56
Q

Metal in cinnibar

A

Mercury

57
Q

Metal in sphalerite

A

Zinc

58
Q

Metal in cassiterite

A

Tin

59
Q

Metal in colemanite

A

Boron

60
Q

Metal in rubies/sapphires

A

Corundum, Aluminium

61
Q

What is halite

A

Rock salt

62
Q

What is pyrite

A

Fools gold, iron disulphide

63
Q

What is aragonite

A

Calcium carbonate

64
Q

What is gypsum and uses

A

Calcium sulfate dihydrate

Plaster, fertiliser

65
Q

Rutile metal

A

Titanium

66
Q

Talcum metal

A

Magnesium

67
Q

Bauxite metals

A

Aluminium, Gallium

EM (10 decks)

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