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Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is the crust of the earth?

A

The crust of the earth is the outer most layer of the earth.

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2
Q

What is the crust primarily made of?

A

Silicon and oxygen

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3
Q

What is the oceanic crust?

A

it is a highly dense and made from basalt and gabbo

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4
Q

What is the continental crust?

A

it is less dense and is made from the rocks Granite and Granodiorite.

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5
Q

What is the mantle?

A

it is the largest layer and is primarily composed of oxygen though contains a far greater percentage of magnesium.

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6
Q

What is the outer core?

A

it is the less hotter layer of the middle of the earth and is made from silicon and oxygen.

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7
Q

What is the inner core?

A

it is the center of the earth and is made from solid iron and nickel.

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8
Q

what is the lithosphere?

A

The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle. all rocks included.

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9
Q

What does “lith” mean

A

rock

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10
Q

What are all the layers of the earth?

A

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.

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11
Q

in order of the layers what the biggest to smallest. referred to there thickness!

A

Mantle, inner core, outer core, crust

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12
Q

What technology do they use to find the earths layers?

A

seismic waves

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13
Q

What are minerals?

A

They are the building blocks of rocks. That are inorganic and are found in nature.

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14
Q

What is a volcano?

A

it is a opening or vent containing magma in the earth.

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15
Q

What is magma?

A

it is the substance in a volcano.

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16
Q

What is lava?

A

it is the substance that comes out of a volcano when magma solidifies from lava.

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17
Q

What is the ring of fire?

A

The Ring of Fire is a region around much of the rim of the Pacific Ocean where many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur.

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18
Q

What is an igneous rock?

A

A rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava and magma.

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19
Q

What is sedimentary rock?

A

A rock that generally forms from the compaction and cementation of sediments.

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20
Q

What is metamorphic rock?

A

Rocks that are changed as a result of exposure to intense heat and/or pressure.

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21
Q

What does intrusive and extrusive mean?

A

Where the lava cools quickly and made a rock. and little or no crystals form.

22
Q

What does intrusive mean?

A

Where the lava cools quickly and made a rock. and big crystals form.

23
Q

What is a fossil?

A

Fossils are preserved remains or marks of plants and animals that lived a long time ago. they are usually found in rock or stone.

24
Q

Why is it difficult to find fossils with invertebrates in them?

A

because they don’t have any bones. duh

25
Q

What is relative dating.

A

it is how to determine weather one object is older or younger than another.

26
Q

What is weathering?

A

it is the breakdown of solid rock on the earths surface

27
Q

How many planets are there in the solar system?

A

8

28
Q

What is the sun?

A

An enormous star.

29
Q

What mass of the universe does the sun hold?

A

99%

30
Q

What is the radius of the earth?

A

6370km

31
Q

What does day time mean?

A

it means your side of the earth is facing the earth.

32
Q

What does night mean?

A

it means your side of the earth is facing away from the sun.

33
Q

The earth rotates from the west to the?

A

East

34
Q

What angle (degree) does the earth rotate on?

A

23.5 degrees

35
Q

Why do we have our seasons?

A

Because of the 23.5 degree tilt

36
Q

What is the equator?

A

it is the imaginary line around middle of the earth.

37
Q

How long does it take for the moon to have one orbit around earth?

A

28 days

38
Q

What is daytime?

A

It is when your side of the earth is facing the sun.

39
Q

What is nighttime?

A

It is when your side is facing away from the sun.

40
Q

What is the winter soloist?

A

It is the shortest day of the year.

41
Q

What is the summer soloist?

A

It is the longest day of the year.

42
Q

What is gravity?

A

Gravity is the force of attraction between ALL OBJECTS!!!!!

43
Q

What does gravity do?

A

It causes things to fall and stay on the ground/earth.

44
Q

What causes tides?

A

The moons gravitational pull.

45
Q

What increases when an object gets heavier?

A

Force

46
Q

As you get further away from the object the gravity gets?

A

lesser

47
Q

What is an eclipse?

A

it is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical planet such as a planet or moon is temperedly obscured, by a passing into the other shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer.

48
Q

What are the 2 types of eclipses?

A

Solar and Lunar eclipse.

49
Q

What is a lunar eclipse?

A

An eclipse that happens during the night.

50
Q

What is a solar eclipse?

A

An eclipse that happens during the day.

51
Q

How do you convert from km to au?

A

Divide by 150,000,000

52
Q

How do you convert from au to km?

A

Multiply by 150,000,000

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