Science 10 review

Question 0

What does MSDS stand for

Answer 0

Material safety data sheet

Question 1

What does WHMIS stand for?

Answer 1

Workplace hazardous materials information system

Question 2

Why has WHMIS been developed?

Answer 2

To provide guidelines for handling, storage, and disposal of reactive materials

Question 3

What are electrons? Where are they found?

Answer 3

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles

they are found in a cloud region around the nucleus

Question 4

What are protons? where are they found?

Answer 4

Protons positively charged subatomic particles

they are found inside the nucleus

Question 5

What are neutrons? Where are they found?

Answer 5

Neutrons are neutrally charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus

Question 6

How do you get mass number?

Answer 6

protons + #neutrons

Question 7

What is an isotope?

Answer 7

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 8

How is the periodic table arranged?

Answer 8

Groups (columns) and periods (rows)

Question 9

What does group number signify?

Answer 9

The number of outer level (valence) electrons

Question 10

What does period number signify?

Answer 10

The number of energy levels occupied by electrons

Question 11

What are the maximum number of electrons in each level

Answer 11

Two, eight, eight, eighteen

Question 12

Are atoms negatively or positively charged?

Answer 12

Neither, atoms are electrically neutral. the number of protons equals the number of electrons

Question 14

When are neutral atoms unstable?

Answer 14

When their valence level is not full

Question 15

Do metals gain or lose electrons?

Do they become positive or negative ions?

Answer 15

Lose electrons

Positive ions

Question 16

Do nonmetals gain or lose electrons?

Do they become positive or negative ions?

Answer 16

Gain electrons

Negative ions

Question 17

How do you name an ionic compound?

Formula to name

Answer 17

Name the first ion with the charge in brackets if multivalent
Then name the second ion with “ide” ending

Question 18

How do you formulate an ionic name?

Name to formula

Answer 18

Write the symbol for each ion, then add subscripts to balance the charges

Question 19

How is water represented in hydrated compounds?

How do you go from formula to name?

Answer 19

•xH2O

Prefix + “hydrate”

Question 20

How do you name molecular compounds?

Answer 20

Prefix + first element

prefix + second element-ide

Question 21

How do you identify an acid?

Answer 21

Always aqueous and always have hydrogen

Question 22

What are ions?

Answer 22

Particles or groups of particles that have a net charge (either positive or negative)

Question 23

What is the octet rule?

Answer 23

The octet rule states that atoms will strive to have a full valence level

Question 24

How do you get the number of electrons in an ion?

Answer 24

E = #P - charge

Question 25

What is a monoatomic? What is diatomic? What is polyatomic?

Answer 25

Monoatomic atoms exist as single atoms Diatomic atoms exist as two atoms Polyatomic atoms exist as more than two atoms

Question 26

What are the possible states for acids?

Answer 26

Always aqueous

Question 27

What are the possible states for elements?

Answer 27

Can be solid liquid or gas | Check periodic table

Question 28

What are the possible states for molecular compounds?

Answer 28

Can be solid liquid or gas | Check periodic table

Question 29

What are the possible states for ionic compounds?

Answer 29

If not in solution it is solid | If in solution, check solubility chart

Question 30

What is endothermic | What is exothermic

Answer 30

Endothermic means absorbs energy | Exothermic means releases energy

Question 31

What is a hydrocarbon combustion reaction?

Answer 31

A compound containing carbon and hydrogen reacts with oxygen to create carbon dioxide gas and water vapor

Question 32

What is a simple composition reaction

Answer 32

An element an element form a compound

Question 33

What is a simple decomposition reaction?

Answer 33

A compound breaks down into its elements

Question 34

What is a single replacement reaction?

Answer 34

An element and a compound react to form another element and another compound If the element is a metal it replaces the metal in the compound If the element is a nonmetal replaces the nonmetal in the compound

Question 35

What is a double replacement reaction?

Answer 35

Two compounds react to create two other compounds

Question 36

What is the law of conservation of matter?

Answer 36

The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms

Question 37

What digits are significant? What are trailing zeros? Are they significant? What are sandwich zeros? Are they significant? What are leading zeros? Are they significant?

Answer 37

Any digit from 1 to 9 is significant Trailing zeros are zeros after a number. they are significant Sandwich zeros are zeros between the number. they are significant Leading zeros are zeros before a number. They are not significant

Question 38

I counted objects and constants included In sig digs?

Answer 38

No

Question 39

When do you round using significant digits? | When do you round using decimal places?

Answer 39

Round to the lowest number of significant digits when multiplying or dividing Round to the lowest number of decimal places when adding or subtracting

Question 40

How much is a mole?

Answer 40

6.02 x 10^23

Question 41

What is the formula for mole/mass calculations?

Answer 41

m=nM n=m/M ``` n= moles in mol m= mass in g M= molar mass in g/mol ```