School Based Services Flashcards
Important laws in special education - PL 94-142
Education for all handicapped children act (EAHCA)
Free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment
1975
Important laws in special education - PL 99-457
Mandated special education services from birth to 3
1986
Important laws in special education - Reauthorization of EAHCA in 1990, 97, 2004
Individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
Important laws in special education - Bills introduced in congress
IDEA full funding act and keep our PACT (promise to american children and teachers) act
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Part B
Age
Who oversees it
3 to 21 years
Overseen by Dept. of Education
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Part C
Age
Who oversees it
Infant and toddler, birth to 3
State Interagency Partnership - Dept of Ed is lead in the partnership
Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) - takes family needs into account along with those of the individual
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Part B - Federal Disability Categories
Iowa non categorical
(categorical would categorize based on their specific disability)
Eligible individual (EI)
(just determine if they are eligible)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Part B - Environment
Least restrictive environment
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Part C - IA definition
Developmental delay (25% delay in one area or 32 wks gestation or earlier) Diagnosis with anticipated delay (down syndrome)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Part C - Environment
Natural environments - so you are never stimulating something
IDEA and physical therapy - IDEA requires what
That a child is assessed in all areas related to the suspected disability, including health, vision, hearing, social and emotional status, general intelligence, academic performance, communication, and motor abilities which includes the consideration of the need for a PT eval and services
PT falls into that motor category required by the IDEA
Definition of PT under IDEA part C
PT includes services to address the promotion of sensorimotor function through enhancement of musculoskeletal status, neurobehavioral organization, perceptual and motor development, cardiopulmonary status and effective environmental adaptation
Definition of PT under IDEA part B
Defines PT as services provided by a qualified physical therapist
Roles and Responsibilities of the PT - primary goal of the PT in public education
To enable children with disabilities to benefit from educational instruction in the least restrictive environment
Looking at what they need to be successful in their educational program
Other Roles and Resp. of the PT
Conduct assessments Collaborate with team Plan and implement IEP/IFSP Document and monitor progress of goals Interpret medical info - act as liaison wit medical community
Iowa IDEA Part C - Early ACCESS - Iowa Birth mandate state
So AEA PT provides both Part B and C mandated services
Iowa IDEA Part C - Early ACCESS - voluntary program
It is a free voluntary program - so don’t have to take all of the services if don’t want to
Medicaid is billed with parent permission
IFSP Components
Service coordinator Family info Child status Child and family outcomes Frequency, intensity, location and method of delivery Services based on peer reviewed research Natural environment
Past vs. Current practice - what centered model
Was professionally centered
Now is family centered
Past vs. Current practice - Focus on
Was impairment
Now is activity and participation/function in the natural environment
What is important to provide the family with - information on what services
Waiver services - doesn’t matter what the family income is - it is based of child’s needs
Best to apply early because takes yrs to get into the program
IFSP review is done how often
At least every 6 months
IFSP goals are reviewed how often
every 6 months
IEP goals are looked at how often
yearly
What happens when IFSP or IEP goals are met ahead of time
Call a meeting and discuss future steps and new goals
Gross Motor Function Classification System - levels
1 - walks without limitations
2 - walks with limitations
3 - walks using hand held mobility device
4 - self mobility with limitations - may use powered mobility
5 - transported in manual wc
How does a child learn to walk
Practice, practice, practice
Thousands of steps and dozens of falls per day
How many steps do our children with disabilities take in a day
46 football fields a day!
No comparison with a healthy young child
Part B - who decides who receives services
IEP team for the child decides
Parents, Gen ed teacher, Special ed teacher, principal, support staff (PT)
Part B - Determining model of Service
Least restrictive environment
Types of skills to be learns and method of intervention anticipated
Level of expertise required
Need for others to carry out student program
Part B - Frequency of service - IEP considerations for amount of PT service - IA guidelines
Potential benefit of PT intervention
Existence of critical period
Amount of motor program that others can do
Amount of training others need to carry out program
Amount motor problem plus environment interferes with educational program
Part B - Location of service
Presumed that the general ed environment is the first choice with supplemental aids as needed
Greatest interaction with children without disabilities
The law supports the least restrictive environment
Part B - discontinuing services - project criteria for discontinuing services at the beginning of service delivery
The team will review the need for PT in 6 months (IFSP) or 1 yr (IEP)
The team will consider discontinuing PT when the the goal has been met
Is PT needed to meet this goal - what is the question we should be asking
Therapists can always find areas to work on, so instead they should ask whether their expertise is needed to reach a specific outcome
Entrance criteria from Iowa guidelines
Previous attempts to alleviate problem have not been successful
Problem interferes with ability to benefit from educational program
Goal is within scope of PT
IPE goal can’t be met without PT
After determining that child is eligible, what next
PT and rest of IEP team decide on
Model of service
Frequency
Location
Models of PT service - Direct
Therapist works for student individually
May occur in isolated setting
Other personnel do not have the expertise to carry out the program
Used primarily when acquiring a new skill (prosthesis training example)
Models of PT service - Integrated
Combines direct therapist student contact with collaborative consultation with others involved in the students program
Goal achievement is shared
Interventions include activities typically occurring in the student’s daily routine
Most common
Ex - wc mobility skills
Models of PT service - Consultative
Therapist participates in collaborative coordination with teacher, other staff, parents, and student
Child is multiply disabled and needs to learn switch training for cause and effect
PT expertise not required for the student specific intervention
Ex - ambulation with a pacer for exercise
IEP goals - need to be
Observable and alterable Discipline free Measurable Baseline performance Environmentally referenced Comparison standard
Exit criteria should relate to
Entrance criteria
Problems if a delay on the peabody was your rationale to initiate PT and the child has a life span disability (you would never stop PT)
So you can’t base exit on delay from the disability - you have to think about the reason for your therapy - It really has to be about functional and normal routine activity for them
Who decides when PT should be discontinued
IEP team decides
When the goals have been met
When PT is no longer the appropriate service to meet the individual goals
When no new IEP goals require expertise of PT
Discontinuing PT - Iowa Guidelines
Need to meet 1 of the following:
Potential for further change with PT is unlikely
When PT is contraindicated
When problem is no longer educationally relevant
When other goals are higher priority
