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semester 5 pmnm exam 9 > Childhood Illness > Flashcards

Childhood Illness Flashcards

1
Q

Rash/Headache - Strep throat

A

Underarm, elbow and groin skin creases - brighter red than the rest of the rash

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2
Q

Rash/Headache - Strep throat - Scarlatina Rash - fades

A

Generally in about 7 to 14 days
As it fades, skin might peel around finger tips, toes, and groin areas
Can last up to several weeks

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3
Q

Rash/Headache - Strep throat - Scarlatina rash -

A

Not all with strep will present with the rash

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4
Q

Rash/Headache - Strep throat - differential diagnosis

A 
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
Viral infection 
Bacterial infection
Stomatitis 
Peritonsilar abcess
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5
Q

Rash/Headache - Strep throat - to know if cause is viral or bacterial

A

Swab throat

Rapid strep screen

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6
Q

Rash/Headache - Strep throat - tx

A

Antibiotics

Penicillin or cephalosporin

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7
Q

Croup - s/s

A

harsh barking cough
Inspiratory stridor
Hoarseness

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8
Q

Croup - usually worse when

A

At night for several hours then resolves

Can reoccur over several nights

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9
Q

Croup - who gets it

A

Male more than Female

Usually under age of 6

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10
Q

Croup - tx

A

Could do nothing - advise to breath in warm moist air (shower) and cool night air
Corticosteroid (dexa)
Or corticosteroid orally for three days - tastes bad

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11
Q

Conjunctivitis - s/s

A

mattery eyes

pupulent yellow/green discharge

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12
Q

Persistent pikeye can be a sign of an underlying illness

A

Rheumatic diseases
Also seen in Kawasaki
Inflammatory bowel diseases too

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13
Q

Types of conjunctivitis

A

Can be bacterial, viral, or allergic (will see the white stringy eosinophils with allergic)

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14
Q

Conjunctivitis - Bacterial tx

A

Topical antibiotic ointment or drops
Highly contagious
Warm moist compress, symptomatic care

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15
Q

Fever with itchy rash - Chicken pox s/s

A

Teardrop vesicular lesions scattered over entire body

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16
Q

Chicken pox - tx

A

symptomatic care
Watch for secondary infection
Could do antiviral within first 48 hours
Incubation 10-21 days after contact

17
Q

Chicken pox - contagious

A

Most contagious 2 days before the rash!

Contagious until all lesions have scabbed over - usually 7-10 days after last crop of lesions present

18
Q

Chicken pox - risk of severe complications like

A

Bacterial skin infections
Pneumonia
KEY - vaccination

19
Q

Not eating much, cold-runny nose - ear TM does not look good - otitis media

A

Common for them to have had a runny nose recently

Pain first few days and then just can’t hear

20
Q

Otitis media - tx

A

Don;t typically have to treat but under 2 years - good to give antibiotic for tx
Amoxicillin
Ibuprofen as needed every 6-8 hrs for pain or acetaminophen

21
Q

Clear runny nose, worsening cough, vomit from time to time, wheezing - nasal congestion, lots of secretions with breath sounds - diffuse ronchi

A

Bronchiolitis

22
Q

Bronchiolitis - most probable cause

A

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

23
Q

Bronchiolitis - tx

A

Symptomatic care
Bronchodilator - albuterol, nebulizer
Corticosteroids
Good hand washing

24
Q

11 yr old male coughing past 2 weeks - cough so hard can’t catch breath - vomit sometimes - home schooled because did not do immunizations - whooping cough

A

Pertussis

25
Q

Pertussis - confirmed by what

A

nasal pharyngeal culture positive for Bordetella pertussis

26
Q

Pertussis - described as

A

100 day cough

Incubation 7-21 days

27
Q

4 yr old cough - quiet child and can’t talk in full sentences - breathy - trying to catch breath by expanding chest - hx of wheezing - dad smokes - bad cough every spring and fall and lasts one month or two

A

Asthma
Increased work of breathing
Wheezes

28
Q

Asthma - tx

A

Albuterol nebulizer x 2 in office and instruction for inhaler with a spacer for home use
Prednisolone syrup in divided doses
PO for 7-10 days
Follow up appt next day

29
Q

Asthma - description

A

Reversible airway obstruction/airway hyper responsiveness
Bronchoconstriction
Airway inflammation
Mucous formation

30
Q

Asthma - diagnosis clinical presentation (some genetics) of

A

Recurrence
Reactivity (trigger)
Responsiveness to BD

semester 5 pmnm exam 9 (6 decks)

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