schollarship

Question 1

what does kenneth quinn believe about the parallels of aeneas and augustus

Answer 1

“if virgil decided to tell the story of a war and a man it was because he knew his audience would read the aeneid with another war and man in mind”

Question 2

what does kenneth quinn think about hero’s

Answer 2

virgil encourages us to feel that the heroic brave self sacrificing thing is not always the best
the urge to kill is heroic but undesirable

Question 3

what does robin sowerby about the connection to history

Answer 3

“the aeneid is pre-eminently a national epic immediately connected with Roman history, as well as a record of traditional Roman ways and customs”

Question 4

what does Robin Sowerby think about father-son relationships?

Answer 4

Father-son relationships are the strongest bond in the aeneid

Question 5

what does Robin Sowerby say about Aeneas in the will of the gods/ his father?

Answer 5

“Emerges as little more than a symbol, passively acquiescent towards the will of the gods, or of his father“

Question 6

what does K.W Gransden see the Aeneid is about

Answer 6

“The story of a hero, renowned for Pietas, wanting peace, rather than war”

Question 7

what does K.W gransden say Virgil has done to the old Homeric code?

Answer 7

“Virgil has transformed the old Homeric code into something new and wholy Roman”

Question 8

What does R.D.Williams say about human nature?

Answer 8

“The tragedies and disasters in the poem are very largely due to the violent and unreasoning element in human nature”

Question 9

what does R.D.Williams say is the most striking aspect of Virgil’s poem?

Answer 9

“The most striking aspect of Virgil’s poem, is what we may call the tension between optimism and pessimism”

Question 10

what does R.D.Williams, describe aeneas as?

Answer 10

“Complex and convincing human person”

Question 11

what does T.S. pattie say about Virgil’s writing and The Civil Wars

Answer 11

Virgil’s writing reflects the “deep feelings of guilt“ in Rome, after the Civil War

Question 12

what does T.S.Pattie, think about Roman values and the Homeric world

Answer 12

“The aeneid is about how Roman values superseded those of the heroic Homeric world“

Question 13

what does R.D.Williams say about fate

Answer 13

“Fate is all the time behind human action… In homer fate indeed governs men’s actions, but it is a short-term fate.
Something which determines the problems of the moment… In Virgil fate has its plan for hundreds of years”

Question 14

what does Herbert H yearnes say about Dido and tragedy

Answer 14

“as a tragedy the story of Dido meets all the requirements. It, Rouses, and purges the emotions of pity and fear.”

Question 15

what does w.s. anderson say about book 9 and turnus

Answer 15

“virgil has constructed book 9 to highlight Turnus - in no other book will turnus be so successful”

Question 16

what does w.s anderson say about nisus and passion

Answer 16

“nisus raises the question do gods inspire men with their eager burning desires or does each man make a god of the wild passion inside him”

Question 17

what does w.s anderson say about turnus manifesting his own downfall

Answer 17

“it is an ironic happiness for despite his bestial strength and limited success, turnus has manifested the defects which will eventually cost him his life and his loyal italians total defeat”

Question 18

what does bob cowan say about the suggestion from euryalus’ death

Answer 18

euryalus’ death suggests the needless and tragic destruction of a thing of besauty by a mindless impersonal force

Question 19

what does bob cowan say about death and marriage of youth

Answer 19

instead of a healthy deflowering in marriage they are sterilely deflowered by death, their only bridegroom

Question 20

what does c.j mackie say virgils aim for book 9 is

Answer 20

virgils aim in the book (9) is to develop the rutilians heroic stature in battle in anticipation of aeneas’ return

Question 21

what does c.j mackie say about turnus’ highest point being a waste

Answer 21

even turnus’ highest point in battle is tainted with failure because of wasted opportunity

Question 22

what does cj mackie say is understood at the end of book 9 about turnus

Answer 22

the reader understands at the end of book 9 that if turnus cannot achieve victory in aeneas’ absence he will certainly fail to do so after his return

Question 23

what does g.e duckworth say about the noble motives of the youth

Answer 23

virgil presents the psychological study of two youths whose motives are basically noble but who do the wrong things and suffer tragic deaths as a result

Question 24

what does g.e duckworth say about nisus and euryalus being foreshadowing for turnus’ fate

Answer 24

it prepares for virgils treatment of character and event in book 12 and is especially important in foreshadowing the tragic fate of turnus

Question 25

according to robin sowerby how does virgil want us to see aeneas

Answer 25

as an achilles like figure

Question 26

whatdoes s.j harrison say about aeneas’ survival being proof of romes divine desiny

Answer 26

a survival accomplished thorugh romes divine destiny and the virtue of its citizens

Question 27

what does r.d williams say about the shield of aeneas

Answer 27

holding it over his shoulders symbolises how he holds responsibility for romes history on his shoulders

Question 28

what does grandsen say about aeneas shield not being practical

Answer 28

aeneas’ shield unlike achilles is not neccessarily a practical weapon but a symbolic object

Question 29

how does fowler disagree with with grandsens view that aeneas’ shield is not a symbolic object

Answer 29

it should not be viewed as art it is a weapon

Question 30

what does c.j mackie say about aeneas’ piety even in his slaughtering

Answer 30

described as pious because in slaughtering the enemy he furthers the progress of fate

Question 31

what does c.j mackie say about aeneas’ pietas and humanity

Answer 31

aeneas’ pietas comes at the expense of his humanity in the slaying of turnus

Question 32

what does r. jenkins say about aeneas’ likability and its link to his humanity

Answer 32

the contradictions of aeneas’ actions make him difficult to like but certainly make him human

Question 33

what does nortwick say about the role of the second achilles

Answer 33

the role of the second achilles is actually played by aeneas not turnus

Question 34

what does w.s anderson say about aeneas’ destiny dehumanisizing him

Answer 34

the destiny that has almost dehumanized him, the final proof by virgil that pious aeneas is not passive but more tragic than dido and turnus together

Question 35

what does wiegand say to compare dido and aeneas

Answer 35

like dido we may hate him but we forgive him. both have done wrong, but dido atones for her sin by her death, aeneas for his sin by a life in which he remembers

Question 36

what does wiegand say about aeneas’ suffering

Answer 36

we pardon his weakness because he remembers and suffers silently and bravely

Question 37

what does reilly say about the point being proven about the role of women in ancient rome

Answer 37

camilla, dido and penthesilea prove a point about the role of women in ancient rome, which is that women who attempt to insert themselves into a mans world of politics and warfare will ultimately fail

Question 38

what does mcleish say about the difference in didos symbol modern vs contemporary

Answer 38

to us dido is a real person whos emotions and actions have roundness, a wholeness that often seems missing in aeneas. but we are post romantics, to a roman in virgils day she was probably nothing more than an unbalenced barbarian queen

Question 39

what does boltwood say about turnus being a hero

Answer 39

he can only be considered a villain in the sense that he apposes an avowed hero. in many senses he is a hero and virgil calls him such

Question 40

what does r.d williams say about turnus and dido as obstacles to the divine will

Answer 40

an obstacle to the divine which must be overcome, yet when he is overcome there is powerful sympathy for them and a feeling of injustice

Question 41

what does eleanor powers say about aeneas’ love for his father

Answer 41

the fact that aeneas holds so much love for his father will always be aeneas’ great characteristic

Question 42

what does cox say about aeneas leaving troy

Answer 42

it symbolises a departure from homeric values