Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
What kind of delusion is a belief that one is going to be harmed or harassed by an individual, organization, or other group. It is also the most common type of delusion.
Persecutory.
What is the definition of a referential delusion?
The belief that certain gestures, and environmental cues are directed at oneself.
What type of delusion is defined as an individual believing he or she has exceptional abilities, wealth, or fame?
Grandiose.
What is an erotomanic delusion?
The false belief that another person is in love with him or her.
What type of delusion involves the conviction that a major catastrophe will occur?
Nihilistic.
Which delusion focuses on preoccupations regarding health and organ function?
Somatic delusions.
When is a delusion deemed bazaar?
A delusion is bazaar if they are clearly implausible and not understandable to same culture peers and do not derive from ordinary life experiences.
What is the definition of a hallucination?
A hallucination is a perception like experience that occurs without an external stimulus.
Hallucinations can occur in any sensory modality but what type of hallucination is the most common in schizophrenia and related disorders?
Auditory hallucinations.
In terms of disorganized thinking and speech what is the derailment?
Switching from one topic to another.
In terms of disorganized thinking and speech what is tangentiality considered?
Answers to questions may be obliquely related or completely unrelated.
What is the rarest type of disorganized thinking or speech in schizophrenia spectrum disorders?
Incoherence or “word salad”.
What is the definition of catatonic behavior?
Catatonic behavior is defined as a marked decrease in reactivity to the environment.
What are the two prominent negative symptoms in schizophrenia and related disorders?
Diminished emotional expression and avolition.
What is the definition of avolition?
A decrease in motivated self initiated purposeful activity.
Are psychotic disorders considered homogenous or heterogenous?
Heterogenous.
For a diagnosis of delusional disorder what is the duration?
One month or longer.
True or false. An individual can be diagnosed with delusional disorder if he or she has met the criteria for schizophrenia?
False.
True or false. In delusional disorder, hallucinations if they are present are not prominent, And are related to the delusional theme.
True.
What are the most prominent types of somatic delusions?
That one is emitting a foul odor, and infestation of insects on the skin.
True or false. Individuals with delusional disorder may be able to factually describe that others view their beliefs as irrational but are unable to except this themselves.
True.
What is the most common type of delusion seen in delusional disorder?
Persecutory.
True or false. Jealous type of delusional disorder is more common in females.
False.
What are the four areas of behavior to consider when diagnosing someone with brief psychotic disorder?
Delusion. Hallucinations. Disorganized speech. And grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
In order for someone to be diagnosed with brief psychotic disorder, what is the timeframe of the disorder?
At least one day but less than one month.
True or false. Individuals with brief psychotic disorder typically experience emotional turmoil or overwhelming confusion.
True.
Which gender is brief psychotic disorder more common in?
Females.
What is the average age of onset for brief psychotic disorder?
Mid 30s.
For a diagnosis of schiziphreniform disorder an individual must have two or more of what symptoms?
Delusions. Hallucinations. Disorganize speech. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior. Negative symptoms.
For diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder, an episode of the disorder must last how long?
At least one month but less than six months.
Criteria a for schizophrenia states that there must be two or more of the following symptoms. What are they?
Delusions. Hallucinations. Disorganize speech. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior. Negative symptoms.
For a diagnosis of schizophrenia symptoms must be continuous for how many months?
Six months.
Is schizophrenia heterogenous or homogenous?
Heterogenous.
In schizophrenia, what is common during the residual and prodromal phases?
Negative symptoms.
In schizophrenia, what does anosognosia refer to?
Lacking insight or awareness if their condition.
What are some of the associated features of schizophrenia?
Inappropriate affect. Disturbed sleep patterns. Lack of interest in food. Reduction in attention. Deficits in inferring intentions of others. Interpret irrelevant events or stimuli as meaningful.
What is the most common predictor of non-adherence to medication, higher relapse rates, aggression, and poorer course of illness in schizophrenia?
Anosognosia.
True or false. Individuals with schizophrenia are typically aggressive.
False.
Physiologically, how is schizophrenia different than other mental disorders?
White matter connectivity, gray matter volume, reduced brain volume, and frontal and temporal cortices.
When do the psychotic features if schizophrenia typically emerge.
Between late teens and mid 30s.
True or false. For the majority of individuals the development of schizophrenia is rapid.
False. Development is gradual and slow.
True or false. Early age of onset for schizophrenia is associated with worse prognosis.
True.
Why do psychotic symptoms diminish over the course do schizophrenia.
Age related declines in dopamine levels.
What is unique to a schizoaffective diagnosis?
Addition of a major mood episode. Major depressive or manic.
In order to receive a schizoaffective diagnosis an individual must have delusions or hallucinations for how long in the absence of a mood episode.
Two weeks.
In schizoaffective disorder the major depressive episode must include what?
Pervasive depressed mood.
True or false. Diminished interest or pleasure is sufficient enough to receive a schizoaffective diagnosis.
False.
True or false. Deficits and negative symptoms in schizoaffective disorder are less severe and pervasive than schizophrenia.
True.
What are the twelve symptoms associated with catatonia?
Stupor. Catalepsy. Waxy flexibility. Mutism. Negativism. Posturing. Mannerisms. Stereotype. Agitation not influenced by external stimuli. Grimacing. Echolalia. Echopraxia.
What medical conditions are known to cause catatonia?
Neurological and metabolic conditions.
What disorder is diagnosed if the psychotic symptoms are below The threshold for full psychosis. Symptoms are transient and less severe and insight is maintained.
Attenuated psychosis syndrome.
Define delusions as they pertain to schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.
Delusions are fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence.
