schizophrenia key terms Flashcards
echolalia
repetition of another’s words that is parrot-like and inappropriate
circumstantiality
extremely detailed and lengthy discourse about a topic
loose associations
absence of the normal connectedness of thoughts, idea, and topics; sudden shifts without apparent relationship to preceding topics
tangentiality
the topic of conversation is changed to an entirely different topic that is a logical progression but cause a permanent detour from the original focus
flight of ideas
the topic of conversation changes repeatedly and rapidly, generally after just one sentence or phrase
word salad
stringing together words that are not connected in any way
neologisms
words that are made up that have no common meaning and are not recongnizable
paranoia
suspiciousness and guardedness that are unrealistic and often accompanied by grandiosity
referential thinking
a belief that neutral stimuli have special meaning to the individual, such as a television commentator who is speaking directly to the individual
autistic thinking
restricts thinking to the literal and immediate so that the individual has private rules of logic and reasoning that make no sense to anyone else
concrete thinking
lack of abstraction in thinking; inability to understand punch lines, metaphors, and analogies
verbigeration
purposeless repetition of words or phrases
metonymic speech
use of words with similar meanings interchangeably
clang association
repetition of words or phrases that are similar in sound bu in no other way, for example, “right, light, sight, might”
stilted language
overly and inappropriately artificial formal language
pressured speech
speaking as if the words are being forced out
aggression
behaviors or attitudes that reflect rage, hostility, and the potential for physical or verbal destructiveness
agitation
inability to sit still or attend to others accompanied by heightened emotions and tension
catatonia
psychomotor disturbances, such as stupor, mutism, posturing, or repetitive behavior
catatonic excitement
a hyperactivity characterized by purposeless activity and abnormal movements, such as grimacing and posturing
echopraxia
involuntary imitation of another person’s movements and gestures
regressed behavior
behaving in a manner of a less mature life stage; childlike and immature behavior
stereotypy
repetitive purposeless movements that are indiosyncratic to the individual and to some degree outside of the individual’s control
hypervigilance
sustained attention to external stimuli as if expecting something important or frightening to happen
waxy flexibility
posture held in an odd or unusual fixed position for extended periods of time
