Schizophrenia - Classification

Question 1

What is schizophrenia?

Answer 1

A severe mental disorder where contact with reality & insight are impaired

Question 2

How does the DSM-V classify schizophrenia?

Answer 2

Requires the individual to have 2 positive symptoms (for a least a month) & 2 other negative symptoms

Question 3

How does the ICD-11 classify schizophrenia?

Answer 3

Requires 2+ negative symptoms

Question 4

What is the difference between how the DSM-V & the ICD-11 classify SZ?

Answer 4

ICD-11 recognises subtypes, DSM-V doesnt

Question 5

What are the 5 subtypes of schizophrenia classified by the ICD-11?

Answer 5

Disorganised
Catatonic
Paranoid
Undifferentiated
Residual

Question 6

What is the disorganised subtype of schizophrenia?

Answer 6

Characterised by:
Disorganised speech & behaviour
Flat/inappropriate affect
(Doesn’t meet criteria for catatonic)

Question 7

What is the catatonic subtype of schizophrenia?

Answer 7

Characterised by:
Immobility/stupor
Excessive motor activity -> appearing purposeless
Extreme negativity
Strange voluntary movement e.g. prominent mannerisms

Question 8

What is the paranoid subtype of schizophrenia?

Answer 8

Characterised by:
Preoccupation with 1+ delusions/frequent auditory hallucinations
No disorganised speech/catatonic behaviour/flat or inappropriate affect

Question 9

What is the undifferentiated subtype of schizophrenia?

Answer 9

Variation between types -> doesnt fit into a particular type

Question 10

What is the residual subtype of schizophrenia?

Answer 10

Absence of positive symptoms but presence of negative symptoms

Question 11

What are positive symptoms?

Answer 11

Atypical symptoms experienced in addition to normal experiences

Question 12

What are negative symptoms?

Answer 12

Atypical experiences representing a loss of a usual experience e.g. loss of motivation

Question 13

What are the different positive symptoms?

Answer 13

Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganised speech
Grossly disorganised/catatonic behaviour

Question 14

What are hallucinations?

Answer 14

Bizarre, unreal perceptions of the environment

Question 15

What are the 4 types of hallucinations?

Answer 15

Auditory -> hearing things others cant
Visual -> seeing lights/objects/faces others cant
Olfactory -> smelling things others cant
Tactile -> feeling things that arent there e.g. bugs crawling under the skin

Question 16

What are the 3 types of delusions?

Answer 16

Bizarre beliefs that seem real to the schizophrenic, but aren’t.

Question 17

What are the 3 types of delusions?

Answer 17

Persecution (can involve being spied on/being watched)
Grandeur (inflated beliefs of the person’s power/importance)
Reference (events in the environment appear to be related to them)

Question 18

What is the disorganised speech?

Answer 18

Result of the abnormal though process

Question 19

What are the 2 features of disorganised speech?

Answer 19

Derailment -> switching from 1 topic to another
‘Word salad’ -> incoherent speech

Question 20

What is grossly disorganised/catatonic behaviour?

Answer 20

Inability/motivation to start/complete a task

Question 21

What are the different features of grossly disorganised/catatonic behaviour?

Answer 21

Difficulties in daily life (e.g. decreased personal hygiene)\
Catatonic behaviour (reduced reaction to immediate environment, rigid postures, aimless motor activity