Schizophrenia And SCH Spectrum Disorders Flashcards
What are the DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia diagnosis?
There has to be a continuous sign of disturbances that exists for at least six months.
What percentage of the global population is diagnosed with SCH?
1%
Define schizophrenia.
A psychotic disorder where behavior, thinking, feeling and perceiving are disorganized. There is an inability to distinguish reality from fantasy
Are there any differences in incidence of SCH related to race social status or culture.
No
What is the onset for SCH?
Most often occurs in late teens or early 20s males often have an earlier onset.
Why do SCH Patients more physical illness than the normal population?
Because they do not take care of themselves.
What is the life expectancy of an SCH patient compared to the general population?
SCH patients die on average 28 years premature.
Comorbidity - What is the percentage of substance-abuse disorders in SCH patients?
50%
What is the percentage of nicotine use in SCH patients?
70 - 90%
What is the percentage of polydipsia in SCH patients?
20%
Polydipsia
What percentage of SCH patients have a genetic correlation?
65% - 80%
What is the most accepted Etiology for neurobiological ideology of SCH?
Excessive dopamine Theory
What are the three etiologies of schizophrenia?
Genetics, neurobiological, brain structure abnormalities.
What percentage of SCH patient’s commit suicide? How does this relate to the general population?
10%, it is 8.5 times higher than the general population.
What percentage does a risk of getting schizophrenia increase if you have a 1st° relative with the disease.
10%
What percentage does the risk of getting schizophrenia increase if you have the identical twin with the disease? Fraternal twin?
50%, 15%
What are the three psychosocial and environmental factors that may relate to schizophrenia.
Prenatal stressors ( hypoxia, poor nutrition), psychological stressors ( stress increases cortisol which impedes hypothalamus development), environmental stressors (toxins).
What are the four positive groups of symptoms of schizophrenia?
Alterations and thinking, alterations in speech/thought, alterations and perception, movement disorders.
What is a positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Presence of something that is not normally present.
What category of positive symptoms do delusions fall under in schizophrenia?
Alterations in thinking
Define a delusion.
False, fixed believes that are not corrected by reasoning
What percentage of individuals with a SCH experience a delusion at some point?
75%
Define what an alterations in concrete thinking would be in a patient with schizophrenia.
Inability to think abstractly. “People in glass houses should not throw stones”
What are the eight alterations in speech or thoughts associated with the positive symptoms of SCH?
Clang associations, Word salad, Neologisms, Echolalia, Flight of ideas, Thought blocking, Thought insertion, Thought deletion.
Give an example of what a Clang association is for a positive symptom of schizophrenia.
Clock, dock, dirt, flirt.
Define what a word salad is as a positive symptom of schizophrenia.
A jumble of meaningless words.
Define what a Neologisms are as a positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Made up words.
Define what Echolalia are, as a positive symptom of schizophrenia.
Continuous repeating of another’s words.
Name the five alterations in perception that are associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Depersonalization, derealization, illusions, ideas of reference, hallucinations.