Schizophrenia Flashcards
state some negative symptoms ?
apathy decreased motivation self neglect withdrawal blunted mood
state some subtypes of schizophrenia
paranoid (most common) hebephrenic (disorganised young adults - poor prognosis) catatonic (psychomotor symptoms) undifferentiated residual simple (just neg symptoms)
state some prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia?
transient psychosis odd thoughts/beliefs/behaviours altered affect social withdrawal reduced interest in daily activities
what is schizophreniform?
those disorders that fail to meet the threshold for schizophrenia but treated with anti psychotics
what is schizoaffective disorder?
those with schizophrenia and affective disorder
treat with anti psychotics and mood stabilisers
what genes are involved with schizophrenia?
neuregulin
dysbindin
what is the most common symptom and behaviour of schizophrenia?
symptom = lack of insight behaviour = social withdrawal
what are three causes of hallucinations?
schizophrenia
affect disorder
organic cause
what is early intervention service used for?
provide a service to identify assess treat and support people experiencing their first psychotic episode
what are the 4 aims of the early intervention service?
reduction of an individuals duration of psychosis
provide treatment at an early stage to maximise recovery
increase likelihood of return to education/employment
prevent loss of life trajectory
before being started on an antipsychotic what tests should be done?
BP, weight, fasting glucose, lipid profile, FBC, ECG
6 monthly monitoring
- LFT, U&Es, prolactin, weight, HbA1c
what receptor do first generation antipsychotics act?
D2 antagonists
what receptor do second generation antipsychotics act?
5HT2A and D2 antagonists
what receptor do third generation antipsychotics act?
dopamine partial agonists
what side effect does first generation antipsychotics have?
extra pyramidal side effects
what side effect does second generation antipsychotics have?
metabolic side effects
- weight gain, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia
what medication can be used for extra pyramidal side effects and parkinsonism?
procyclidine
what is the treatment for akathisia ?
propranolol and cyproheptadine
what is the treatment for tardive dyskinesia ?
tetrabenazine
what are some signs of tardive dyskinesia?
chewing, grimaces, choreoathetosis
what life style changes could be done for schizophrenia?
hunger after taking medication - change to bedtime dose
increased thirst
smoking induces metabolism and hence reduces antipsychotic plasma levels
diet, exercise, smoking cessation
