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Clinical Psychology > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the subtypes of schizophrenia?

A

Paranoid, catatonic, disorganized, undifferentiated, and residual

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2
Q

What types of behavior characterizes schizophrenia?

A

Hallucinations, delusions, behavioral disturbances, disrupted social functioning

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3
Q

What is the prevalence of schizophrenia in the US?

A

1% of the population

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4
Q

Symptoms of schizophrenia must be present continuously for how long to achieve the official diagnosis?

A

6 months

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5
Q

What are the “active” symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Hallucinations and delusions

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6
Q

What is the difference between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Positive ones are ADDITIONS to normal thought; negative ones are a LACK thereof or a DEFICIT of behavior

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7
Q

Are disorganized thinking, hallucinations, inappropriate affect, and delusions are example of positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Positive

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8
Q

Are avolition, flat affect, decreased emotional reactivity, and alogia examples of positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Negative

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9
Q

What is the usual age of onset for schizophrenia in both genders?

A

Males - 18

Women - 25

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10
Q

Why is life expectancy shorter among those with schizophrenia?

A

40% attempt suicide (10-20% successfully)

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11
Q

Is schizophrenia hereditary?

A

Yes but not sufficient to cause it alone without other factors

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12
Q

If you have a full sibling with schizophrenia, what is the chance you will develop it, as well?

A

10%

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13
Q

If you have a parent with schizophrenia, what is the chance you will develop it, as well?

A

13%

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14
Q

If you have an identical twin with schizophrenia, what is the chance you will develop it, as well?

A

42%

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15
Q

If you have two parents with schizophrenia, what is the chance you will develop it, as well?

A

46%

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16
Q

Which gender tends to have more severe schizophrenic symptoms?

A

Males

17
Q

Which gender tends to develop schizophrenia later in life?

A

Females

18
Q

Changes in which specific hormones are commonly seen in patients with schizophrenia?

A

Prolactin, melatonin, thyroid

19
Q

There is a large hypothesis that excess of which specific neurotransmitter in the CNS is central to the development of schizophrenic like symptoms?

A

Dopamine

20
Q

Is there any sort of pathognomonic lesion associated with schizophrenia?

A

No

21
Q

CT, MRI, and autopsies have found changes in which areas of the brain?

A

Frontal, temporal, limbic, and basal ganglia areas

22
Q

Has a particular virus been linked to schizophrenia?

A

No (but maybe perinatal viral infections?)

23
Q

Changes to what parts of the immune system have been seen with schizophrenia?

A

IgG, IgA, and IgM

24
Q

Can psychosocial factors cause schizophrenia? What kind of impact can they have on the disease?

A

Cannot CAUSE it but do play a role in the course of the illness

25
Q

What characterizes delusional disorder?

A

At least 1 month of non-bizarre delusions without other active-phase symptoms of schizophrenia

26
Q

What characterizes a brief psychotic disorder?

A

Psychotic disorder that lasts more than 1 day and remits by 1 month

27
Q

What 2 criteria differentiate schizophreniform disorder from schizophrenia?

A

DURATION (at least 1 month but less than 6 months) and does not necessarily impair social/occupational functioning

28
Q

What is a shared psychotic disorder?

A

A disturbance that develops in an individual who is influenced by someone else who has an established delusion with similar content

29
Q

What are the 2 components of schizoaffective disorder?

A

Symptoms of schizophrenia with a major affective disorder like major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder

30
Q

What is the treatment for schizophrenia?

A

Drug therapy, psychotherapy (in and out patient), family therapy, social skills training, vocational rehab

31
Q

Were the antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia in the 90s more effective for positive or negative symptoms?

A

Positive

32
Q

Are newer antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia more effective for positive or negative symptoms?

A

Both

33
Q

What are some common antipsychotics used against schizophrenia?

A

Clozaril, Risperdal, Zyprexa, Seroquel, and Geodon

34
Q

Today’s antipsychotics have fewer side effects, but what are the ones that are still common/possible?

A

Tardive dyskinesia, seizures, reduced WBC count

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