Schizophrenia Flashcards
Describe the characteristics of Schizophrenia
Kurt Schneider (1959) suggested categorising the symptoms of either schizophrenia or negative symptoms.
- Positive symptoms, in addition to normal behaviours .
- Hallucinations, are perceptions that are unreal. Many people with schizophrenia report auditory hallucinations. Hearing sounds/voices. But can also present themself in a sensory modality. Katheryn Lewandowski (2009), estimated that 20% of people w schizophrenia have tactile hallucinations, whereby they are perceiving sensations as if someone or something is touching their skin. Formication= insects crawling.
- Delusions, are beliefs that are unreal. They are usually experienced with no evidence to offer in support of the delusion. Most common= persecution and grandiosity. Delusions of persecution, are based on the idea that a person or a group want to harm the individual. eg, believing that the government organisation, like M15, are following you as they believe you are a threat.
Delusions of grandiosity suggest that the individual is special in some way; the individual believes they are powerful, have superior knowledge, or believe they are e particular person.
- Disordered thinking is often evident through examining the speech of those individuals with schizophrenia. Described as ‘ derailment’. The persons thoughts and discourse seem to jump from one topic to another, no logical flow of discussion, for no reason. Patients speech = muddled. Individuals with schizophrenia may also report that the voices in their head are not thier own.
- Negative symptoms.
- Alofi, poverty of speech, reduction in the amount of speech and lacking meaning.
- Avolition, people are unconcerned with something going on in their surroundings. They show no desire to participate in activiites, may even be one they love. Distinct lack of goal directed behaviour.
- Anhedonia, where an individual does not react appropriately to pleasurable experiences.
- Flatness of affect, individual has no emotion. Little/no facial emotions.
-Catatonic behaviour, issues can range from fast, repetitive, useless movements to little or no movements at all. May one for no purpose, eg, wondering in circles. Echopraxia may occur, this is when people with schizophrenia mimic the the movements of others around them.
A individual may also remain immobile, but others can move them.
What is the biological explanation of ‘ Dopamine hypothesis’ in Schizophernia?
Evaluate Dopamine Hypotheses as a biological explanation for Schizophernia
Apply the biological explanation of ‘Dopamine Hypothesis’ to a method of modifying behaviour, using drug treatments
What is the biological explanation of ‘ Structural Abnormalities in Schizophrenia?’
Evaluate Structural Abnormalities as a biological explanation for Schizophenia.
What is the individual differences explanation of ‘Psychodynamic Approach in Schizophrenia?’
Evaluate Psychodynamic Approach as an Individual Differences explanation for behaviour in Autism
What is the Individual explanation of ‘Cognitive Approach in Schizophrenia?’
Evaluate Cognitive approach as an individual explanation for Schizophrenia
What is the Social Psychological explanation of ‘Dysfunctional families’ in Schizophrenia?’
Evaluate ‘Social Psychologicl explanations’ as a social psychological explanation for Schizophrenia.
What is the Social Psychological Explanataion of ‘Sociocultrual Factors’ in Autism?
Evaluate social psychological factors as a social psychological explanation for Schizophrenia
What is the method of modifying behaviour ‘Antipsychotic drugs’ for Schizophrenia?
