Schizophrenia Flashcards
What are the risk factors for schizophrenia?
- Birth complications
- Family Hx
- Smoking cannabis
What are the first rank symptoms?
- Hallucinations (Auditory and Somatic)
- Thought blocking
- Thought withdrawal
- Thought insertion
- Thought broadcasting
- Passivity
- Delusions
What are examples of positive symptoms?
o Hallucinations
o Delusions (fixed or falsely held beliefs)
o Disorganised behaviour, speech and thoughts
What are examples of negative symptoms?
o Emotional blunting o Reduced speech o Loss of motivation o Self-neglect o Anhedonia o Alogia (poverty of speech) o Avolition (poor motivation) o Social withdrawal
How do you manage schizophrenia?
- Oral atypical antipsychotics (2nd gen)
- CBT
- CV risk factor modification
Why do you need to manage CV risk factors?
Antipsychotic medication and high smoking rates
What are the features of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
- pyrexia
- muscle rigidity
- autonomic lability: typical features include hypertension, tachycardia and tachypnoea
- agitated delirium with confusion
How do you manage neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
- Stop antipsychotic
- Patients should be transferred to a medical ward if they are on a psychiatric ward and often they are nursed in intensive care units
- IV fluids to prevent renal failure
- Dantrolene
What is section 135?
One doctor, AMHP and police
Warrant to gain access to premises to remove patient to place of safety
What is section 136?
Police
Allows police to remove person from public place to place of safety
What is section 2?
AMHP or nearest relative
Recommendation by 2 doctors (at least 1 has to be section 12 approved)
Admission for assessment and treatment for 28 days
What is section 3?
AMHP or nearest relative
Recommendation by 2 doctors (at least 1 has to be section 12 approved)
Admission for treatment for 6 months
What is section 4?
AMHP or nearest relative
Recommendation by any doctor
Emergency admission for assessment for 72hrs
What is section 5(2)?
Recommendation from the doctor or approved clinician in charge of the patient’s care or their nominated deputy
Emergency holding order (patient already admitted to hospital on an informal basis) 72hrs
What is section 5(4)?
Recommendation from registered nurse for 6hrs