SCHEMAS

Question 1

Starting sentence for this paragraph

Answer 1

One assumption of the cognitive approach is schemas and how they guide human behaviour.

Question 2

what is a schema-explain

Answer 2

a schema is a psychological representation (knowledge package)
of everything you know about an object, person, or event.

Question 3

how is a schema built up-explain

Answer 3

they are built up through experience and stored in our long-term memory.schemas are from past experience but can be refined through further interactions with people and the world around us.

Question 4

what are scripts-explain

Answer 4

Scripts are event schemas which tell us what to expect from an event

Question 5

what are role schemas -explain

Answer 5

they tell us about the different roles and responsibilities of that role like a teacher or nurse

Question 6

what is an example of this is psychology

Answer 6

reconstructive memory

Question 7

what was Bartletts research (1932)-example

Answer 7

Bartlett (1932) asked participants to recall an unfamiliar folk story called ‘the war of the ghosts’. Bartlett found that we tend to reconstruct events for them to fit in with our existing schemas

Question 8

what are the three ways bartlett discovered we reconstruct events -example

Answer 8

Shortening is when parts of a memory that don’t fit in with a schema are left out so what you remember is shorter. We also rationalise where parts of a memory are recalled but in a distorted way that fits an existing schema. Confabulation happens when parts of a memory are invented to fill gaps this isn’t
on purpose instead it is guided by your schema to make better sense of the memory.