Schema Theory

Question 1

What does the SCHEMA THEORY suggest? WHO and WHEN was it devised?

Answer 1

• Schmidt, 1975
• Suggests learning of skills was more of a cognitive function
• Rather than strengthening of the S—R bond

Question 2

Where are MOTOR PROGRAMMES stored and HOW to STRENGTHEN them?

Answer 2

• Stores in the LTM
• Strengthened through rehearsal, especially when mimicking a real life situation

Question 3

How are MOTOR PROGRAMMES RETREIVED?

Answer 3

By comparison the info with previous experiences

Question 4

What does SCHEMA THEORY suggest about LTM and MOTOR PROGRAMMES?

Answer 4

• LTM stores are not big enough to store every single Motor Programme
• Instead we learn a no. generalised Motor Programmes adapted to different sporting environments

Question 5

Describe RECALL SCHEMA

Answer 5

• Takes important info prior to an action, it considers…
• Initial conditions, the knowledge of environment (weather, surface etc.)
• Response specifications, the level of power, force etc. required to execute

Question 6

Describe RECOGNITION SCHEMA

Answer 6

• Occurs during/after performance of skill to alter future response, considers…
• Sensory consequences, KoP gathered from sensory system FB
• Movement outcomes, KoR where outcome is compared to desired outcome and adjusts memory store for future reference

Question 7

List some STRATEGIES to DEVELOP SCHEMA

Answer 7

• Varied practice
• FB
• Progressively increase task difficulty
• Slo-mo practice methods to perfect motor movements
• Chunk info to strengthen STM & LTM memory-chaining
• Mental Rehearsal
• Increase the value of learning

Question 8

What is meant by MEMORY CHAINING?

Answer 8

STM & LTM ability to link actions and movements together