Sceince Vocab test Flashcards
Genotype
The combo of copies of an allele an organism has for a specific trait.
Gene
A specific region of a chromosome. The part of a chromosome responsible for a certain protein.
Gene Targeting
Allows scientists to swap a “donor” piece of genetic info that had the structure they wanted with the “target” piece of genetic info to give it a different shape.
Allele
A different version of a gene
Myosatin
A protein in the muscles of animals
Receptor
A structure that has a special shape and sticks out of the outside of a cell membrane.
Genetic Information
The instructions stored in genes for making specific proteins.
Genetic Material
Physical structures that carry genetic info.
Homozygous
Having 2 of the same alleles of a gene.
Heterozygous
Having 2 different alleles of a gene.
Mutation
A small change that happens to the structures of a chromosome that can be passed to future offspring but wasn’t there before.
Punnett Square
A simple math model used to predict proportions of offsprings using parent phenotypes.
Selective Breeding
The process of choosing specific male and female organisms with a desired trait to mate and produce certain offspring that increases the frequency of there phenotypes.
