Scapular region Flashcards
1
Q
Trapezius innervation
A
Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI) and C3, C4 spinal nerves
2
Q
Trapezius action
A
Descending part elevates; ascending part depresses; and middle part retracts scapula; descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly
3
Q
Latissimus Dorsi innervation
A
Thoracodorsal nerve
4
Q
Latissimus Dorsi action
A
Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing
5
Q
Levator Scapulae innervation
A
Dorsal scapular nerve and C3, C4 spinal nerves
6
Q
Levator Scapulae action
A
Elevates scapula and rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
7
Q
Rhomboid Major/Minor innervation
A
Dorsal scapular nerve
8
Q
Rhomboid Major/Minor action
A
Retract scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic wall
9
Q
Serratus Anterior innervation
A
Long thoracic nerve
10
Q
Serratus Anterior action
A
Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula
11
Q
Deltoid innervation
A
Axillary nerve
12
Q
Deltoid action
A
Clavicular (anterior) part: flexes and medially rotates arm; Acromial (middle) part: abducts arm; Spinal (posterior) part: extends and laterally rotates arm
13
Q
Supraspinatus innervation
A
Suprascapular nerve
14
Q
Supraspinatus action
A
Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles
15
Q
Infraspinatus innervation
A
Suprascapular nerve
16
Q
Infraspinatus action
A
Laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles
17
Q
Teres Major innervation
A
Lower subscapular nerve
18
Q
Teres Major action
A
Adducts and medially rotates arm
19
Q
Teres Minor innervation
A
Axillary nerve
20
Q
Teres Minor action
A
Laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles
21
Q
Triceps Brachii innervation
A
Radial nerve
22
Q
Triceps Brachii action
A
Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus (especially important during adduction)
23
Q
Subscapularis innervation
A
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
24
Q
Subscapularis action
A
Medially rotates arm; as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity
25
Trapezius arterial supply
Superficial transverse cervical artery
26
Rhomboids arterial supply
Deep transverse cervical artery/dorsal scapular artery
27
Levator scapulae arterial supply
deep transverse cervical artery/dorsal scapular artery
28
Latissmus dorsi arterial supply
thoracodorsal artery
29
Pectoralis Major innervation
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
30
Pectoralis Major action
Adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly; acting alone-clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position
31
Pectoralis Minor innervation
Medial pectoral nerve
32
Pectoralis Minor action
Stabilizes scapula drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
33
Subclavius innervation
Nerve to subclavius
34
Subclavius action
Anchors and depresses clavicle
35
The superior thoracic artery supplies
Travels anteromedially along the superior border of pectoralis major
1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
Subclavius
Superior portion of serratus anterior
36
The thoracoacromial artery (trunk) branches into
Pectoral
Deltoid
Acromial
Clavicular
37
The thoracoacromial artery supplies
The 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
38
The lateral thoracic artery supplies
Descends along the lateral thoracic wall
Pectoral
Serratus anterior
Intercostal muscles
Lateral aspect of the breast
39
The subscapular artery divides into
Circumflex scapular
Thoracodorsal
40
The circumflex scapular artery supplies
Muscles on the dorsum of the scapula
Part of scapular anastomosis
41
The thoracodorsal artery supplies
Latissimus dorsi
42
The anterior circumflex humeral artery
Smaller of two branches
Passes laterally
43
The posterior circumflex humeral artery
Larger or the two
Passes medially to posterior wall via quadrangular space
Travels with axillary nerve
44
The circumflex humeral artery supplies
Deltoid
Teres major/minor
Long head of triceps
45
Axillary nerve (C5-C6)
Sensory innervation of upper lateral arm
deltoid and teres major
46
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)
Sensory innervation of lateral aspect of forearm
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
47
Radial nerve (C5-T1)
Sensory innervation of posterior and infernolateral arm, posterior forearm, and dorsum of hand
Innervates all muscles of posterior compartment of arm and forearm
48
Median nerve (C6-T1)
Motor to forearm and hand (except flexor carpi ulnar is and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus)
Sensory to lateral palmar skin
49
Ulnar nerve
motor to forearm and hand (flexor carpi ulnaris and half of flexor digitorum profundus)
Sensory to medial 1.5 digits and medial aspect of hand
50
Sternocleidomastoid innervation
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
51
Sternocleidomastoid action
Unilateral contraction: laterally rotates head to ipsilateral side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward contralateral side; Bilateral contraction: extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints, flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approches manubrium, or extends vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level; with cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate manubrium and medial ends of clavicles assisting pump-handle action of deep respiration
52
Platysma innervation
Facial nerve (CN VII)
53
Platysma action
Depresses mandible (against resistance); tenses skin of inferior face and neck
54
Semispinalis capitis innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
55
Semispinalis capitis action
Acting bilaterally: extends head and neck; Acting unilaterally: rotation of head and neck to contralateral side
56
Anterior scalene innervation
C4-C6 spinal nerves
57
Anterior scalene action
Flex head
58
Middle scalene innervation
Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C3-C8
59
Middle scalene action
Flexes neck laterally; elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
60
Posterior scalene innervation
Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8
61
Posterior scalene action
Flexes neck laterally; elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
62
Omohyoid innervation
Ansa cervicalis
63
Omohyoid action
Depresses, retracts and steadies hyoid bone
64
Subclavius innervation
Nerve to subclavius
65
Subclavius action
Anchors and depresses clavicle
66
Splenius innervation
Dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves
67
Splenius action
Laterally flexes and rotates head and neck to same side; acting bilaterally extends head and neck
68
Semispinalis capitis innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
69
Semispinalis capitis action
Acting bilaterally: extends head and neck; Acting unilaterally: rotation of head and neck to contralateral side
70
Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis) innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
71
Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis) action
Acting bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head, as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction; Acting unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column
72
Transversospinalis (Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores) innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
73
Transversospinalis (Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores) action
Extension; Semispinalis: extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally; Multifidus: stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column; Rotatores: stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column
74
Intrinsic back muscles
Splenius
Erector spinae
Transverso-spinalis
75
Splenius action
Cervical extension and lateral flexion
76
Erector spinae action
Posture of vertebral column
77
Transverso-spinalis action
posture and rotation of vertebral column
78
Intrinsic back muscles innervation
Dorsal ramus
79
Intrinsic back muscles arterial supply
Dorsal artery
80
Biceps Brachii innervation
Musculocutaneous
81
Biceps Brachii action
Supinates forearm and when it is supine, flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder
82
Coracobrachialis innervation
Musculocutaneous
83
Coracobrachialis action
Helps flex and adduct arm; resists dislocation of shoulder
84
Brachialis innervation
Musculocutaneous and Radial
85
Brachialis action
Flexes forearm in all positions
86
Triceps brachii innervation
radial
87
Triceps brachii action
Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of abducted humerus and extends and adducts arm at shoulder
88
Anconeus innervation
Radial
89
Anconeus action
Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna in pronation
90
Pronator teres innervation
Median
91
Pronator teres action
Pronates and assists with flexing forearm
92
Pronator teres innervation
Median
93
Pronator teres action
Pronates and assists with flexing forearm
94
Flexor carpi radialis innervation
Median
95
Flexor carpi radialis action
Flexes and abducts hand at wrist
96
Palmaris longus innervation
Median
97
Palmaris longus action
Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis
98
Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
Ulnar
99
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
Flexes and adducts hand at wrist
100
Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation
median
101
Flexor digitorum superficialis action
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints of middle four digits; acting more strongly it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
102
Flexor digitorum profundus innervation
Medial part: Ulnar; Lateral part: Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve
103
Flexor digitorum profundus action
Medial part: flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 at distal interphalangeal joints; Lateral part: flexes distal phalanges 2 and 3 at distal interphalangeal joints
104
Flexor pollicis longus innervation
Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve
105
Flexor pollicis longus action
Flexes phlanges of 1st digit (thumb)
106
Pronator quadratus innervation
Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve
107
Pronator quadratus action
Pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together
108
Brachioradialis innervation
Radial
109
Brachioradialis action
Relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronated position
110
Abductor pollicis brevis innervation
Recurrent branch of median
111
Abductor pollicis brevis action
Abducts thumb; helps to oppose it
112
Flexor pollicis brevis innervation
Superficial head: Recurrent branch of median; Deep head: Deep branch of ulnar
113
Flexor pollicis brevis action
Flexes thumb
114
Opponens pollicis innervation
Recurrent branch of median
115
Opponens pollicis action
Opposes thumb; draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially
116
Adductor pollicis innervation
Deep branch of ulnar
117
Adductor pollicis action
Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm
118
Abductor digiti minimi innervation
Deep branch of ulnar
119
Abductor digiti minimi action
Abducts 5th digit; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx
120
Flexor digiti minimi innervation
Deep branch of ulnar
121
Flexor digiti minimi action
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
122
Lumbricals 1st and 2nd innervation
Median
123
Lumbricals 1st and 2nd action
Flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits
124
Lumbricals 3rd and 4th innervation
Deep branch of ulnar
125
Lumbricals 3rd and 4th action
Flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits
126
Dorsal interossei (1st-4th) innervation
Deep branch of ulnar
127
Dorsal interossei (1st-4th) action
Abduct 2nd-4th digits from axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints
128
Palmar interossei (1st-3rd) innervation
Deep branch of ulnar
129
Palmar interossei (1st-3rd) action
Adduct 2nd, 4th and 5th digits toward axial line; assist with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints
130
Flexor digitorum profundus innervation
Medial part: Ulnar; Lateral part: Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve
131
Flexor digitorum profundus action
Medial part: flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 at distal interphalangeal joints; Lateral part: flexes distal phalanges 2 and 3 at distal interphalangeal joints
132
Brachioradialis innervation
Radial
133
Brachioradialis action
Relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronated position
134
Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation
Radial
135
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint; active during fist clenching
136
Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation
Deep branch of radial
137
Extensor carpi radialis brevis action
Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint
138
Extensor digitorum innervation
Posterior interosseus, continuation of deep radial
139
Extensor digitorum action
Extends medial four digits primarily at metacarpophalangeal joints, secondarily at interphalangeal joints
140
Extensor indicis innervation
Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial
141
Extensor indicis action
Extends 2nd digit and helps extend hand at wrist
142
Extensor digiti minimi innervation
Posterior interosseus, continuation of deep radial
143
Extensor digiti minimi action
Extends 5th digit primarily at metacarpophalangeal joint, secondarily at interphalangeal joint
144
Extensor pollicis longus innervation
Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial
145
Extensor pollicis longus action
Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint; extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joint
146
Extensor pollicis brevis innervation
Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial
147
Extensor pollicis brevis action
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint; extends carpometacarpal joint
148
Abductor pollicis longus innervation
Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial
149
Abductor pollicis longus action
Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint
150
Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
Posterior interosseus, continuation of deep radial
151
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint; also active during fist clenching
152
Supinator innervation
Deep branch of radial
153
Supinator action
Supinats forearm
154
Deep palmar arch artery supplies
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
abductor pollicis
155
Superficial palmar branch of radial artery supplies
Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
156
Lumbricals arterial supply
Common palmar digital
Superficial palmar arch
Deep palmar arch
157
Palmar metacarpal arteries supply
The dorsal and palmar interossei
