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MSK > Scapular region > Flashcards

Scapular region Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI) and C3, C4 spinal nerves

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2
Q

Trapezius action

A

Descending part elevates; ascending part depresses; and middle part retracts scapula; descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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3
Q

Latissimus Dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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4
Q

Latissimus Dorsi action

A

Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing

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5
Q

Levator Scapulae innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve and C3, C4 spinal nerves

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6
Q

Levator Scapulae action

A

Elevates scapula and rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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7
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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8
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor action

A

Retract scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic wall

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9
Q

Serratus Anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

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10
Q

Serratus Anterior action

A

Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula

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11
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary nerve

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12
Q

Deltoid action

A

Clavicular (anterior) part: flexes and medially rotates arm; Acromial (middle) part: abducts arm; Spinal (posterior) part: extends and laterally rotates arm

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13
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

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14
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles

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15
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

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16
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

Laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles

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17
Q

Teres Major innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve

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18
Q

Teres Major action

A

Adducts and medially rotates arm

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19
Q

Teres Minor innervation

A

Axillary nerve

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20
Q

Teres Minor action

A

Laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles

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21
Q

Triceps Brachii innervation

A

Radial nerve

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22
Q

Triceps Brachii action

A

Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus (especially important during adduction)

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23
Q

Subscapularis innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

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24
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Medially rotates arm; as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

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25
Q

Trapezius arterial supply

A

Superficial transverse cervical artery

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26
Q

Rhomboids arterial supply

A

Deep transverse cervical artery/dorsal scapular artery

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27
Q

Levator scapulae arterial supply

A

deep transverse cervical artery/dorsal scapular artery

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28
Q

Latissmus dorsi arterial supply

A

thoracodorsal artery

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29
Q

Pectoralis Major innervation

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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30
Q

Pectoralis Major action

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly; acting alone-clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position

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31
Q

Pectoralis Minor innervation

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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32
Q

Pectoralis Minor action

A

Stabilizes scapula drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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33
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

Nerve to subclavius

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34
Q

Subclavius action

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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35
Q

The superior thoracic artery supplies

A

Travels anteromedially along the superior border of pectoralis major
1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
Subclavius
Superior portion of serratus anterior

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36
Q

The thoracoacromial artery (trunk) branches into

A

Pectoral
Deltoid
Acromial
Clavicular

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37
Q

The thoracoacromial artery supplies

A

The 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces

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38
Q

The lateral thoracic artery supplies

A

Descends along the lateral thoracic wall
Pectoral
Serratus anterior
Intercostal muscles
Lateral aspect of the breast

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39
Q

The subscapular artery divides into

A

Circumflex scapular
Thoracodorsal

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40
Q

The circumflex scapular artery supplies

A

Muscles on the dorsum of the scapula
Part of scapular anastomosis

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41
Q

The thoracodorsal artery supplies

A

Latissimus dorsi

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42
Q

The anterior circumflex humeral artery

A

Smaller of two branches
Passes laterally

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43
Q

The posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

Larger or the two
Passes medially to posterior wall via quadrangular space
Travels with axillary nerve

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44
Q

The circumflex humeral artery supplies

A

Deltoid
Teres major/minor
Long head of triceps

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45
Q

Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

A

Sensory innervation of upper lateral arm
deltoid and teres major

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46
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)

A

Sensory innervation of lateral aspect of forearm
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis

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47
Q

Radial nerve (C5-T1)

A

Sensory innervation of posterior and infernolateral arm, posterior forearm, and dorsum of hand
Innervates all muscles of posterior compartment of arm and forearm

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48
Q

Median nerve (C6-T1)

A

Motor to forearm and hand (except flexor carpi ulnar is and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus)
Sensory to lateral palmar skin

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49
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

motor to forearm and hand (flexor carpi ulnaris and half of flexor digitorum profundus)
Sensory to medial 1.5 digits and medial aspect of hand

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50
Q

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

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51
Q

Sternocleidomastoid action

A

Unilateral contraction: laterally rotates head to ipsilateral side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward contralateral side; Bilateral contraction: extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints, flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approches manubrium, or extends vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level; with cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate manubrium and medial ends of clavicles assisting pump-handle action of deep respiration

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52
Q

Platysma innervation

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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53
Q

Platysma action

A

Depresses mandible (against resistance); tenses skin of inferior face and neck

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54
Q

Semispinalis capitis innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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55
Q

Semispinalis capitis action

A

Acting bilaterally: extends head and neck; Acting unilaterally: rotation of head and neck to contralateral side

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56
Q

Anterior scalene innervation

A

C4-C6 spinal nerves

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57
Q

Anterior scalene action

A

Flex head

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58
Q

Middle scalene innervation

A

Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C3-C8

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59
Q

Middle scalene action

A

Flexes neck laterally; elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

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60
Q

Posterior scalene innervation

A

Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8

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61
Q

Posterior scalene action

A

Flexes neck laterally; elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration

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62
Q

Omohyoid innervation

A

Ansa cervicalis

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63
Q

Omohyoid action

A

Depresses, retracts and steadies hyoid bone

64
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

Nerve to subclavius

65
Q

Subclavius action

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

66
Q

Splenius innervation

A

Dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves

67
Q

Splenius action

A

Laterally flexes and rotates head and neck to same side; acting bilaterally extends head and neck

68
Q

Semispinalis capitis innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

69
Q

Semispinalis capitis action

A

Acting bilaterally: extends head and neck; Acting unilaterally: rotation of head and neck to contralateral side

70
Q

Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis) innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

71
Q

Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis) action

A

Acting bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head, as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction; Acting unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

72
Q

Transversospinalis (Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores) innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

73
Q

Transversospinalis (Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores) action

A

Extension; Semispinalis: extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally; Multifidus: stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column; Rotatores: stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column

74
Q

Intrinsic back muscles

A

Splenius
Erector spinae
Transverso-spinalis

75
Q

Splenius action

A

Cervical extension and lateral flexion

76
Q

Erector spinae action

A

Posture of vertebral column

77
Q

Transverso-spinalis action

A

posture and rotation of vertebral column

78
Q

Intrinsic back muscles innervation

A

Dorsal ramus

79
Q

Intrinsic back muscles arterial supply

A

Dorsal artery

80
Q

Biceps Brachii innervation

A

Musculocutaneous

81
Q

Biceps Brachii action

A

Supinates forearm and when it is supine, flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder

82
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous

83
Q

Coracobrachialis action

A

Helps flex and adduct arm; resists dislocation of shoulder

84
Q

Brachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous and Radial

85
Q

Brachialis action

A

Flexes forearm in all positions

86
Q

Triceps brachii innervation

A

radial

87
Q

Triceps brachii action

A

Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of abducted humerus and extends and adducts arm at shoulder

88
Q

Anconeus innervation

A

Radial

89
Q

Anconeus action

A

Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna in pronation

90
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

Median

91
Q

Pronator teres action

A

Pronates and assists with flexing forearm

92
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

Median

93
Q

Pronator teres action

A

Pronates and assists with flexing forearm

94
Q

Flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

Median

95
Q

Flexor carpi radialis action

A

Flexes and abducts hand at wrist

96
Q

Palmaris longus innervation

A

Median

97
Q

Palmaris longus action

A

Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis

98
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

Ulnar

99
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

Flexes and adducts hand at wrist

100
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

median

101
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints of middle four digits; acting more strongly it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints

102
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

Medial part: Ulnar; Lateral part: Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve

103
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

Medial part: flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 at distal interphalangeal joints; Lateral part: flexes distal phalanges 2 and 3 at distal interphalangeal joints

104
Q

Flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve

105
Q

Flexor pollicis longus action

A

Flexes phlanges of 1st digit (thumb)

106
Q

Pronator quadratus innervation

A

Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve

107
Q

Pronator quadratus action

A

Pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together

108
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

Radial

109
Q

Brachioradialis action

A

Relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronated position

110
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Recurrent branch of median

111
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis action

A

Abducts thumb; helps to oppose it

112
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Superficial head: Recurrent branch of median; Deep head: Deep branch of ulnar

113
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis action

A

Flexes thumb

114
Q

Opponens pollicis innervation

A

Recurrent branch of median

115
Q

Opponens pollicis action

A

Opposes thumb; draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially

116
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar

117
Q

Adductor pollicis action

A

Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

118
Q

Abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar

119
Q

Abductor digiti minimi action

A

Abducts 5th digit; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx

120
Q

Flexor digiti minimi innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar

121
Q

Flexor digiti minimi action

A

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

122
Q

Lumbricals 1st and 2nd innervation

A

Median

123
Q

Lumbricals 1st and 2nd action

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

124
Q

Lumbricals 3rd and 4th innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar

125
Q

Lumbricals 3rd and 4th action

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

126
Q

Dorsal interossei (1st-4th) innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar

127
Q

Dorsal interossei (1st-4th) action

A

Abduct 2nd-4th digits from axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

128
Q

Palmar interossei (1st-3rd) innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar

129
Q

Palmar interossei (1st-3rd) action

A

Adduct 2nd, 4th and 5th digits toward axial line; assist with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

130
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

Medial part: Ulnar; Lateral part: Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve

131
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

Medial part: flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 at distal interphalangeal joints; Lateral part: flexes distal phalanges 2 and 3 at distal interphalangeal joints

132
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

Radial

133
Q

Brachioradialis action

A

Relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronated position

134
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

Radial

135
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint; active during fist clenching

136
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

Deep branch of radial

137
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint

138
Q

Extensor digitorum innervation

A

Posterior interosseus, continuation of deep radial

139
Q

Extensor digitorum action

A

Extends medial four digits primarily at metacarpophalangeal joints, secondarily at interphalangeal joints

140
Q

Extensor indicis innervation

A

Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial

141
Q

Extensor indicis action

A

Extends 2nd digit and helps extend hand at wrist

142
Q

Extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

Posterior interosseus, continuation of deep radial

143
Q

Extensor digiti minimi action

A

Extends 5th digit primarily at metacarpophalangeal joint, secondarily at interphalangeal joint

144
Q

Extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial

145
Q

Extensor pollicis longus action

A

Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint; extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joint

146
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial

147
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis action

A

Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint; extends carpometacarpal joint

148
Q

Abductor pollicis longus innervation

A

Posterior interosseus , continuation of deep radial

149
Q

Abductor pollicis longus action

A

Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint

150
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

Posterior interosseus, continuation of deep radial

151
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint; also active during fist clenching

152
Q

Supinator innervation

A

Deep branch of radial

153
Q

Supinator action

A

Supinats forearm

154
Q

Deep palmar arch artery supplies

A

Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
abductor pollicis

155
Q

Superficial palmar branch of radial artery supplies

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

156
Q

Lumbricals arterial supply

A

Common palmar digital
Superficial palmar arch
Deep palmar arch

157
Q

Palmar metacarpal arteries supply

A

The dorsal and palmar interossei

MSK (3 decks)

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