SCAP Flashcards
scap lies in a ___ angle to which plane?
30 deg to the coronal plane
the scap articulate at the GH and AC joint at what degrees?
60
at static positioning the spine of the scap should lie at
T3
with winged scap the ___ border is lifted which means what nerve is injured?
medial
long thoracic
what type of acromion is implicated to cause an impingement?
3 because it is hooked
what type of acromion is curved?
2
what is scaption?
30 deg. anterior to the coronal plane –> outlet space is open
position of muscular equilibrium
if patient is doing abduction excercises what postion should they do it in?
scaption
what muscle is primarily responsible for the abduction of arm in coronal plane?
the middle delt
how can you determine the action of the muscle given its position to the axis of rotation?
the muscles that are lateral to the axis will aid in abduction in the coronal plane
in the coronal plane what is the action of the anterior delt?
it can abd or add
in the coronal plane the posterior delt aids in when motion?
adduction
the firing order of deltoid with abduction in the coronal plane?
middle -> posterior –> anterior
abduction in the scapular plane involved which parts of the deltoid muscle?
middle and anterior
why does scaption recruit more anterior delt fibers?
because of ER
peak strength of delt in both the coronal and scaption
90 deg.
protraction and retraction occurs along which axis?
y
which muscles are responsible for protraction of scap
pec minor and serratus anterior
which muscles are responsible for the retraction of the scap
rhomboid and middle trap
tilting of the scap happens on which axes?
x
posterior tilting is when the arm is
flexed
anterior tilting is when the arm is
extended
what muscles are responsible for posterior tilting of scap
lower trap
what muscles are responsible for anterior tilt
upper trap
serratus anterior
pec minor
during which motion does the scap become moere sagittal?
protractions
what happens anatomically in protraction of the scap?
the medial border of the scap is pulled inward to spine and glenoid faces anteriorly
vertical elevation of scap is like what other action?
anterior tilt
depression of scap is like what other action?
posterior tilt
angular rotation occurs along what axis?
Z axis
with downward rotation what happens to the inferior border and scap
inferior border goes medial and glenoid faces inferior
with upward rotation of the scap what happens to the inferior border and glenoid?
the inferior border goes lateral and glenoid faces superior
what muscles are responsible for the downward rotation of scap
rhomboid
what muscles do upward rotation of the scap
serratus anterior and middle and lower trap
what happens in normal arm elevation?
abduction and flexion > scap protracts & upwardly rotates > scap posteriorly tilts while humeral head ER
why does the humeral head ER with arm elevation
to increase the subacromial outlet space
when does the scap actively start to rotate?
30-40
when does the scap begin to passively rotate?
60-70
what is the overall motion ratio of the GH:scap
120:60 = GH:scap
what is the scapulohumeral rythm?
how the scap and GH move in conjunction with one another
after what deg. of abduction movement does the scapulohumeral ratio even out
at 120 deg.
during abduction how does the scap tilt?
posteriorly: superior pole moves down and away and inferior pole moves up and forward
describe the swivel affect of the scap when abducting?
before 90 the fossa shifts posteriorly and after 90 the fossa shifts anterior
when a pt. has forward shoulder clinically they will present with
increase of protraction
not enough posterior tilt
not enough upward rotation
what mm. are responsible for forward shoulders
weak serratus anterior and middle & lower trap
apleys scratch test is used for
UE ROM
anterior contralateral test the GH how?
horizontal flexion
anterior contralateral test the scap how
protraction and upward rotations
the anterior ipsi-contralteral test GH how
ER and flexion
the anterior ipsi-contralteral test scap how
protraction and upward rotation
the posterior contralateral test the GH how?
IR and extension
the posterior contralateral test the scap how?
retraction and downward rotation
SICK scap stands for
scapula protracted
inferior border prominent
coracoid pain
kinesis altered
setting the scap means what?
being able to hold the scap firmly against the rib cage for GH to have full strength
what muscles are responsible for setting the scap?
middle and lower trap
serratues anterior
SC joint: is it stable or unstable?
stable
what is the degrees of motion of the SC?
2: vertical and horizontal
as arm moves foward what happens to the SC joint?
it goes posterior
what are the ligaments of the SC?
superior, anterior, posterior SC
costoclavicular
interclavicular
vertical movement of SC
elevation and depression
horizontal movement of SC
anterior/protraction
posterior/retraction
the SC joint is restricted by which ligament and mm
the costoclavicular or subclavius mm.
during flexion/extension how much conjunct rotation occurs?
30
is the AC joint stable or unstable?
unstable
ligaments of the AC joint
superior and deep AC joint
Conoid
Trapezoid
when is the conoid ligament taught
retraction
when is the trapezoid ligament taught?
protraction
when does most movement of the AC jt. occur?
flexion/extension
where do AC seperations or dislocation occur?
in the superior region
what structures check the AC for sperations
delto-trapezoid apneurosis
Grade 1 of AC seperation
partial tear of AC with no elevation
Grade 2 AC seperation
ACpartial torn with partial tear of CC with slight elevation
Grade 3 of AC seperation
complete tear or AC and CC
what JT. is known as the horizontal stabilizer of the shoulder
AC
what does 60 deg angulation refer to?
the anterior 30 deg of scap and the 30 deg posterior of the clavical making a 60 angulation between the scap and the acromium
