GH Flashcards
1
Q
shoulder girdle is made up of what 3 articulations
A
GH jt.
scapulothoracic articulation
Sternoclavicular jt
acromioclavicular jt.
2
Q
AC joint classifications
A
amphiarthrodial and syndesmosis
3
Q
arthrodial joint classification
A
plain jt
4
Q
condyloid jt classification
A
ellipsoidal jt such as the knuckles
5
Q
enarthrodial is also known as
A
ball and socket
6
Q
ginglymus is also known as the
A
hinge joint, such as the elbow
7
Q
sellar/saddle joint example
A
SC and thumb
8
Q
Trochoid jt is also known as
A
pivot joint such as the radioulnar jt
9
Q
GH joint classification
A
enarthrodial
10
Q
what shoulder muscles insert onto the greater tubercle
A
supraspinatous
infraspinatous
teres minor
11
Q
what muscle of the SITS insert on the lesser tubercle
A
subscapularis
12
Q
head of the humerous faces ___ deg. superiorly
A
45
13
Q
the head of the humerus faces ___ deg. posteriorly
A
30 to the coronal plane
14
Q
when is the GH joint most stable
A
when the superior head contacts the fossa at a 90 deg abduction
15
Q
most stable means the GH is what?
A
in closed packed position and ligaments are taught
16
Q
the trade off for lack of greater deg. of motion is
A
lack of stability
17
Q
what is the closed packed position of the GH?
A
full abduction and ER
18
Q
what is the open packed position of the GH?
A
55 deg. of abd and 30 deg. horizontal adduction
19
Q
AC and SC Jt. closed packed postion
A
90 deg. of arm abduction and elevation
20
Q
AC and SC open packed position
A
at rest
21
Q
Glenohumeral Fossa contains what to help with stability
A
the labrum
22
Q
if glenoid labrum s injured what happens the the stability of the shoulder
A
it will decrease
23
Q
what muscle tendon inserts onto the labrum
A
the long head of the biceps brachi
24
Q
what is the # 1 joint of the body to dislocate
A
the GH
25
if supraspinatous mm. is injured what will happen to the subacromial outlet space
it will decrease in space
26
what are the boundaries of the Subacromial outlet space
head of the humerus , acromium, and the coracoacromial ligament
27
what is the movement of the GH joint in the z axis and coronal plane?
abduction and adduction
28
what is the movement of the GH joint in the sagittal plane in the X axis?
flexion and extension
29
what is the movement of the GH joint in the transvers plane and the Y axis
horizontal extension and flexion
30
shoulder ROM is dependent on the interaction between what structures?
thorax
scapula
humerus
clavical
31
AROM asses what
muscular, joint and ligament integrity
32
Passive ROM asses
ligament, joint, capsule integrity
33
RROM tests
muscular inegrity
34
isometric excercise means?
no change in angle
35
isotonic exercise means what?
change in angle
36
what is a grade 1 of a ligament tear?
slight tearing present
37
Grade 2 of ligament tear
partial tear with slight gapping
38
grade 3 of ligament tear
complete tearing of fibers with moderate gapping of the joint
39
sprain vs a strain
sprain is a ligament
| while a strain is a muscle
40
what is a passive structure that is tested
cartilage
41
what is an active structure that is test for a Dx.
muscle
42
what is a bony structure that is tested for a Dx.?
joint
43
what are some causes of abnormal ROM?
alteration, adhesion, or damage to bone, ligaments or muscles.
pain
and
loss of nerve function
44
when is P. felt in AROM with arthritis?
at limit
45
when is P. felt in PROM with arthritis?
at the limit
46
when is P. felt in RROM with arthritis?
painless within limit
| may be weak
47
when is P. felt in AROM with sprain?
decrease of movement due to P.
| but if sprain is old there will be an increase in AROM
48
when is P. felt in PROM with sprain?
painful at stability change
49
when is P. felt in RROM with sprain?
Grade 1-2 has P
| Grade 3 has no P but has weakness
50
when is P. felt in AROM with strain?
P at the midrange
51
when is P. felt in PROM with strain?
P only at the stretch/ end range
52
when is P. felt in RROM with strain?
painful and weak
53
if pt. comes in and they say that it hurt at first but not anymore what kind of injury does it indicate?
a sprain of a ligament
| probably a grade 3
54
Degress of FLexion in the shoulder?
180
55
deg. of extension in the shoulder
50
56
reference position for flexion and extension of the shohlder
arm by side with thumb pointing forward
57
deg. of shoulder abduction
180
58
deg. of shoulder adduction
same as horizontal adduction
59
with AROM give the 3 phases of the shoulder abduction?
0-60 > GH
60-120 > GH +scapule motion
120-180 > GH + scap + spine
60
during flexion where does the humeral head go in regards to the ICR?
inferior
61
during axial rotation where is the ICR?
the middle
62
during abduction 0-50 deg. where is the ICR?
inferior medial aspect
63
during abduction 50-70/80 deg. where is the ICR?
superior portion of ICR
64
when should the humeral head drop superiorly to inferiorly during abduction?
between 80-90 deg. as it approaches horizontal
65
you do not want to loose more than how many mm in the subacromial outlet space?
1.5
66
which muscle of the shoulder is mostly responsible for the first motion of abduction and then which muscle takes over?
first he supraspinatus is responsible for abduction than it is the deltoid.
specifically the posterior deltoid
67
reference position for abduction and adduction?
thumb should be pointing to the side away from you with arm to the side of your body
68
the deg. of IR for the GH?
45
69
the deg. of ER for GH?
100-110 with regular reference point
70
start position for IR
elbow flexed at 90 and arm abducted at 90 with palm down
71
start positions for ER
same as IR
OR
start with thumb up and elbow flexed at 90 deg. and reference point
72
with the law if inverse muscular action what is being said
with elbow at the side of the body the ligament become taught leading to a decrease in ER
73
reference point for horizontal movement?
arm abducted and palm up
74
deg of horizontal flex/add
140
75
deg of horizontal ext/abd
30
76
what motion of the GH uses maximal range within 3 axes?
circumduction
77
if painful arc is in sagittal place what muscle is responsible
biceps brachi
78
if painful arc is in the coronal plane what muscle is injurred?
suraspinatus
79
if pt. has P. at end range of in coronal plane what should you inspect further??
the AC joint
80
where should N soft tissue aprox. occur?
horizontal flexion
81
when should you feel capsuler end feel of the shoulder?
ER
82
when should you feel a boney end feel in the shoulder?
at abduction
83
where do the GH ligaments attach to?
lesser tubercle
84
when do the GH ligaments become taught?
with ER
85
superior GHL is tight when and resrains what kind of dislocation?
adduction is when the superior is tight and it prevents inferior dislocation
86
the middle GHL is tight when? and resrains what kind of dislocation
abduction
| anterior dislocation
87
inferior GHL is taught when?
| the inferior prevents what kind of dislocation?
taught in abduction and prevents anterior inferior dislocation
88
anterior inferior dislocation is also known as
subcoracoid dislocation
89
is the inferior GHL more loose in reference position of scapular?
scapular
90
which ligament sits on top of the bicep tendon?
the coracohumeral lig.
91
the anterior band of the coracohumeral L. attaches where?
lesser tubercle
92
when is the anterior band of the coracohumeral L taught
extension at 30
93
where does the posterio band of the coracohumeral band insert?
the greater tubercle
94
when does the posterior band of the coracohumeral band become taught?
in 60-70 deg. of flexion
95
which of the coracohumeral bands prevents the long head of the biceps subluxation medially?
the posterior
96
the coracoacromial lig. forms what?
acromial arch
97
common injuries to subacromial outlet
shoulder impingment
RTC syndrome
and jumping shoulder
98
Jumping should indicates what has happened?
tear of the labrum
99
definition of instability
functional complaint that occurs in an individual with or without laxity of lig.
100
definition of laxity
looseness secondary to repetitive, overstretching, traumatic over-stretching or genetics
101
what does the concavity of the GH have to do with shoulder motion?
degree of translation in the GH, and ligamentous integrity
102
what is the foramen of weitbretch
between the superior and medial ligaments
103
what is the rouviere
between the medial and inferior lig.
104
what is beightons?
```
tests for hypermobility:
thumb --> forearm
pinky --> extend beyond 90
elbow hyperextended
genu recovatum
palms touch floor with forward flexion
```
105
if a Pt. has 4+ in Beightons tests what does that indicate?
hypermobility
106
AMBRI stands for
```
atraumatic
multidirectional
bilateral
rehab helps
inferior capsule stabilized
```
107
TUBS stands for
traumatice
unilateral
bankart lesion - ant --> inferior
surgical
108
does the long head of biceps tendon lie under of above the labrum?
above
109
what pushes the humeral head against the cavity during abduction
the tendon of the long head of biceps
110
if the long head of biceps ruptures what will occur?
20% drop in abduction strength
111
when if the GH most efficient?
when GH is in slight abduction and external rotation / scaption
112
when the bicipital groove slip what direction does it go?
toward the angle of the lesser tubercle wall
113
when transverse ligament is torn what happens?
the bicep tendon will slip
114
to help slipped tendon which direction should you pull it?
the opposite way of slippage
115
what are some labral tears?
SLAP
BANKHART
bennet
116
SLAP tear stand for what
superior labral tear going A-->P
117
when does a SLAP occur?
with violent concentric contraction of eccentric contraction.
118
Bankhart lesion is what kind of tear>
anterior to inferior
119
Bennet is what kind of tear
2ry to a deceleration arm
120
subacromial bursa sits between what 2 muscles?
deltoid and the supraspinatus
121
what is the most common shoulder injury with throwing sport?
GIRD
122
what does GIRD stand for>
GH internal rotation def.
123
to DX. GIRD what do you do?
compare the IR and ER on each side and if there is a 10% difference than there is GIRD present
124
freezing stage of froozen shoulder is also known as
adhesive capsulitis
125
the frozen stage of frozen shoulder can last how long?
6 mos
126
thawing stage of frozen shoulder can last how long?
1 y
127
Pt. with frozen shoulder will present how?
with a decrease in external rotation and secondary abduction by 25%
