Scaly Dermatitis Flashcards
What is Coal Tar?
- Keratolytic, antiseptic,
- reduces local swelling and inflammation
- has minimal anti fungal activity
Side effects of Coal Tar?
acne folliculitis stains to skin and hair photosensitization irritant contact dermatitis
What is Zinc Pyrithione? (ingredient in Head & Shoulders)
- cytostatic and keratolytic agents
- effective likely due to non-specific toxicity for epidermal cells
- has bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties
- few side effects, rare cases of contact dermatitis have been reported when this is used on broken or abraded skin
Describe Selenium Sulfide (ingredient in Selsun Blue)
- Keratolytic, slows down scale production and epidermal proliferation
- has fungicidal/static effect
- must be rinsed from hair thoroughly because discolouration may result
- frequent use tends to leave a residual odor, an oily scalp, and hair loss
- irritation is minimal when used topically but toxic if ingested
Describe Ketoconazole 2% shampoo
- antifungal
- MOA: cytostatic and fungistatic
- OTC 2% shampoo
- causes minimal scalp and skin irritation, greasy or dry hair/scalp, itching or stingingg
Is there a potential for discolouration of hair when using ketoconazole 2%?
no way jose
Describe salicylic acid
- keratolytic agent
- decreases skin pH which will increase hydration of keratin facilitating loosening and removal
*not to be used in patients with greater than 20% BSA (body surface area) involvement as may cause salicylate toxicity
salicylate toxicity symptoms?
- tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
- fatigue
- GI symptoms
What is psoriasis?
- life-long chronic inflammatory disease of the skin
- characterized by recurrent exacerbations and remissions
Compare cell turnover rate of normal cells compared to psoriasis
normal cell turnover rate = 28 days
psoriasis turnover rate = 3-4 days
Psoriasis:
is it contagious?
no
Psoriasis:
rare in ??
children under 5
Psoriasis:
Onset
typical onset between 16-22 (more severe) and 57-60 (less severe)
Psoriasis:
____ psoriasis is the most common form
plaque (80-90%)
Psoriasis:
primarily found on?
scalp, buttocks, arms, legs, elbows, knees, ears, palms, and soles
da dry crusty areas man
Psoriasis:
describe the genetic pre-disposition to this condition
1 parent = 16-25%
both parents = 50%
identical twins = 70%
fraternal twins = 25%
Psoriasis:
List 5 risks/aggravating factors
- genetic pre-disposition
- skin trauma
- environmental
- medications
- infections
Psoriasis:
List environmental risk factors
alcohol ingestion
obesity
stress
pregnancy
Psoriasis:
List medications that are risk factors for this condition
beta blockers
NSAIDs
anti-malarial
lithium
Psoriasis:
List infections that are risk factors for this condition
respiratory infections
HIV
streptococcal infection
Does sunlight help or hurt psoriasis?
helps
Psoriasis:
signs and symptoms of plaque psoriasis
- thickened red plaque with silvery-white scales
- bleed easily
- most have symmetrical lesions
- minimal itching
Psoriasis:
Assessment Questions
How severe are the symptoms? Duration of irritation? Area of involvement? How often do symptoms occur? Medical history? Has anything been tried yet?
Psoriasis:
Red Flags - When to refer?
-under 2 yrs old
-if diagnosis has not been made
PSORIASIS NEEDS A REFERRAL IN ORDER TO GET DIAGNOSIS FOLKS
-no improvement of symptoms after 2 weeks
->3% of BSA (body surface area) involved
-if hands, forearms, and/or face are locations of lesions (for quality of life kids)