Scalp, Meninges Flashcards
neurocranium is?
bones that cover brain
pterion is?
the H on the temporal region where frontal, parietal, sphenoid, temporal
what runs beneath the pterion?
middle meningial artery. if you get hit from the side, this guy gets mad
what CNs go through jugular foramen?
CN IX, X, XI
hypoglossal canal for what CN?
CN XII
foramen rotundum holds what CN?
CN V2
sinuses can be for
either blood or air.
bregma is?
landmark where coronal and saggital sutures meet between the two parietal bones and frontal bone
lambda is?
landmark where the lambdoidal suture meets the saggital suture
vertex is?
highest part of the skull. not really sure what he means by that
granular foveola
mushroom areas of dura that etch into the bone where the arachnoid granulations sit
superior saggital sinus connects to?
lateral venous lacuna
what should you pay attention to when you study foramina?
What bone are they in? are they at a bony junction?
galea aponeurotica
“goes from the front to the back” of the skull and it is the origin of the occipitofrontalis frontal body, auricularis superior, occipitofrontalis occipital belly. ALL these are innervated by CN VII
layers of scalp?
Skin, Connective tissue (dense), Aponeurosis, loose areolar tissue, bone. blood vessels tend to run in subQ
, What is Diploe
the spongy bone in the middle layer of the skull. it gets thicker or thinner based on muscle attachments
t/f superior saggital sinus is beneath the dura
true
primary sensory nerve of scalp?
Trigeminal
which word should you be able to spell?
ophthalmic
Which trigeminals are purely sensory
1,2
where is the trochlea?
trochlear is a pully on the inside of the orbit that a muscle goes around. thats why the V1 nerve has supratrochlear, infratrochlear branches
inside your orbit ____comes off V2
zygomatic and splits to z.temportal and z.facial
back of head (behind ear) is innervated by?
spinal nerves from cervical plexus. don’t forget that C1 doesn’t have a dermatome
if you get a tattoo behind your ear, which nerve will relay that pain
great auricular C2,3 (anterior rami!!)
blood vessels of scalp are primarily from?
ICA and ECA
what do superficial temporal, facial, occipital, posterior auricular arteries have in common
come from ECA
most veins of the nead and neck drain to ___
IJV
outer part of dura, adjacent to the bone is technically not dura. what is it, and what is it called?
its periosteum and its called the periosteal layer of dura. the true dura is the meningeal layer of the dura
where does the periosteal layer of dura end?
foramen magnum
T/F arachnoid and pia are from two different embryological layers
false. they used to be one layer and then the space got bigger. thats why the arachnoid is kinda stringy
middle meningial artery is a branch of?
maxillary (one of two terminal branches of ECA)
above the tentorium, is a spaced called ? innervated by?
the supratentorial region. its innervated by tentorial nerve (recurrent meningeal branch of ophthalmic nerve CN V1) this is the sneaky nerve that crept around to the back of the dura
most blood branches of meninges are from?
ICA
veins that run across the scalp?
emissary veins. this is iportant because you can get infections that spread into the skull through these little guys
is the supererior saggital sinus for air or blood?
blood. this ones a big fat vein.
subdural hemotoma is?
between arachnoid and dura. that can shift the brain and give you a syndrome. ew.
how does blood get from superior saggittal sinus to the IJV?
superior saggital sinus, to confluence, to a transverse sinus, to sigmoid that empties into IJV. there are some other connections though
what is the space between the tentorium that holds the brain stem?
the tentorium notch. if the midbrain swells, it can compress CNIII (occulomotor)
CSF is produced in/on ____
choroid plexus. you produce about 500 cc / day
what vessel goes through the foramen transversarium? where does it come from?
vertebral artery from brachiocephalic/ subclavian a.
when the ICA goes through the carotid canal what does it do?
has different parts based on its two turns. study that.
epidural hematomas typically from?
middle meningial artery. it makes blood bubble because its confined by the sutures because of tenacious attachment of all the things.
contracoup is?
this is my favorite brain injury
know the five CNs that are in/around the cavernous sinus?
i didn’t catch it
CN III, IV, V1, V2, XI
racoon eyes are?
eccymosis. blows to head result in bleeding that pools around the eyes.
CN III
occulomotor nerve; eye mvmt, pupil constriction, changing lens shape.
CN IV
trochlear nerve. goes to one muscle
CN VI
abducens nerve. goes to one muscle
CN VII
more of a mess. innervates epicranial muscles, lacrimation.
CN XI
spinal accessory nerve. traps.
special visceral afferent is mostly (for us) ___
taste
Which nerves are we gonna save for later?
CN I, CN II. these are actually parts of the brain that escape. wait for neuro
