Head and Neck Muscles - innervation and action Flashcards
frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
N: terminal branches of facial nerve, temporal branchA: elevate eyebrows, wrinkle forehead
occipital belly of occipitofrontalis
N: terminal branches of facial neve, temporal branch A: draw scalp back
orbicularis oculi
N: terminal branches of facial nerve, mostly zygomatic branchA: close eyelids. paplpebral part does blinking, orbital is more forceful
orbicularis oris
N: terminal branches of facial nerve, mostly mandibular branchA: close lips; pull lips toward teeth or pucker up
buccinator
N: terminal branches of facial nerve, buccal branchA: presses cheek against tooth to keep food in mouth
platysma
N: terminal branches of facial nerve, cervial branchA: pulls mouth out and down; can wrinkle the skin of neck
levator palpebrae superioris
N: occulomotor and a little SyA: raises upper eyelid
tensor veli palatini
N: Mandibular division of trigeminal
A: ascending palatine a (facial); descending palatine a (maxillary)
superior pharyngeal constrictor
N: pharyngeal plexus of vagus
A: ascending pharyngeal artery; ascending palatine and tonsillar branches (facial); dorsal branches of lingual a.
middle pharyngeal constrictor
N: pharyngeal plexus of the vagus
A: ascending pharyngeal artery; ascending palatine and tonsillar branches (facial); dorsal branches of lingual a
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
N: pharyngeal plexus of the vagus
A: ascending pharyngeal artery; branches of superior thyroid a
stylopharyngeus
N: glossopharyngeal (IX)
A: ascending pharyngeal artery; ascending palatine and tonsillar branches (facial); dorsal branches of lingual a
sternocleidomastoid
N: accessory nerve (CN XI and C2-3)A: tilts, flexes, and rotates the head/neck
temporalis
N: mandibular division of trigeminalA: elevate and retract mandible
masseter
N: mandibular division of trigeminalA: elevates mandible
medial pterygoid
N: mandibular division of trigeminalA: elevates mandible; protrudes mandible to opposite side with help from laterial pterygoid on same side
lateral pterygoid
N: mandibular division of trigeminalA: oens mouth; protrudes mandible to opposite side with help from laterial pterygoid on same side
mylohyoid
N: nerve to mylohyoid from the mandibular div. of trigeminalA: elevates hyoid, raises floor of mouth during swallowing etc.
geniohyoid
N: C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)A: elevates and pulls hyoid forward; helps depress mandible
genioglossus
N: hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
A: sublingual and submental aa
hyoglossus
N: hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
A: sublingual and submental aa.
styloglossus
N: hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
A: sublingual a
levator veli palatini
N: vagus nerve
A: ascending palatine a (facial); descending palatine a
sternothyroid
N: C2-3 from ansa cervicalisA: depresses larynx after it has been elevated for swallowing
omohyoid
N: C1-3 from ansa cervicalisA: depresses hyoid after it has been elevate; retracts and steadies hyoid
thyrohyoid
N: C1 via hypoglossal n. (CN XII)A: depresses hyoid and draws the thyroid cartilage superiorly
cricothyroid
N: external branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus
A: sup, inferior thyroid aa
stylohyoid
N: facial nerveA: elevates and retracts hyoid to elongate the floor of the mouth
digastric
N: anterior belly is nerve to mylohyoid (trigeminal) posterior belly is facial nerveA: elevates hyoid bone and helps to depress the mandible to open the mouth
oblique and transverse arytenoids
N: recurrent laryngeal of vagus
A: sup. inf. thyroid aa
posterior, lateral, crico-arytenoids
N: recurrent laryngeal (vagus)
A: sup. and inf. thyroid aa
anterior scalene
O: anterior tubercles of C3-6 to the scalene tubercle of rib 1N: C5-7 ventral rami
middle scalene
O: posterior tubercles of C2-7 to the superior surface of rib 2N: C3-8 ventral rami
posterior scalene
O: posterior tubercles of C4-6 to the external border of rib 2N: C6-8 ventral rami
longus capitis
O: anterior tubercles of C3-6 to the basilar ortion of the occipital N: C1-3 ventral rami
longus colli
O: bodies of T1-3, C4-7, and transverse processes of C3-6 to atlas, bodies of C2-4 and transverse processes of C5-6N: C2-6 ventral rami
splenius capitis
O: ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T6 to the mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral third of the superior nucal line of the occipital boneN: dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves
levator scapulae
O: transverse processes of first 4 cervical vert. to the superior part of the scapulaN: C3-4 from the cervical plexus and a branch from dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus)
palatoglossus
N: vagus nerve by pharyngeal plexus
A: ascending pharyngeal arteries, palatine branches of facial and maxillary aa
palatopharyngeus
N: vagus via pharyngeal plex
A: A: ascending palatine a (facial); descending palatine a (maxillary)
uvular
N: vagus via pharyngeal plex
A: A: ascending palatine a (facial); descending palatine a (maxillary)
salpingopharyngeus
N: vagus via pharyngeal plex
A: pharyngeal branch of ascending pharyngeal a.
vocalis
N: recurrent laryngeal of vagus
A: sup. inf. thyroid aa
