Scalp

Question 1

Extent of scalp

Answer 1

Anteriorly up to eyebrows posteriorly up to superior nuchal line literally on each side of superior temporal line

Question 2

Layers of scalp

Answer 2

Mnemonic SCALP
SKIN
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
APONEUROSIS (occipitofrontalis and it's APONEUROSIS)
LOOSE areolar tissue
Pericranium

Question 3

Skin of Scalp is a common site of ________? (Due to the presence of hair follicles and sebaceous glands)

Answer 3

Sebaceous cyst

Question 4

Why do blood vessels of the scalp cause profuse bleeding when cut

Answer 4

As they can’t be retracted into the deep layer of the scalp. They are adherent to dense fibrous connective tissue and hence cause profuse bleeding
Bleeding can be stopped by pressing against underlying bone

Question 5

APONEUROSIS of scalp formed by which muscle?

Answer 5

Occipitalis and frontalis

Question 6

Occipitofrontalis aponeurosis is formed by 4 bellies; 2 _____ and 2 _______

Answer 6

Frontal; occipital

Question 7

APONEUROSIS of occipitofrontalis is also called

Answer 7

Epicranial APONEUROSIS

Question 8

In which direction is tension present in occipitofrontalis aponeurosis?

Answer 8

Anterioposterior

Question 9

Which layer of scalp is cleaved during craniotomy

Answer 9

Loose areolar tissue

Question 10

Superficial fascia of the skull is made of?

Answer 10

Dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 11

What are the surgical layers of the scalp?

Answer 11

SKIN
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
APONEUROSIS are together binded and called surgical layer of scalp

Question 12

What is the dangerous layer of scalp

Answer 12

Loose areolar tissue is called dangerous layer of scalp because if pus is collected here the infection may travel through emissary vein into intracranial dural venous sinuses

Question 13

Explain black eye

Answer 13

Following a blow on the head the blood and fluid in the layer of loose areolar tissue tracks down into eyelids
It cannot flow into the temporal and occipital region because of the Bony attachment of the occipitofrontalis
Occipitofrontalis does not have Bony attachments anteriorly

Question 14

Name of sensory nerves in front of auricle?

Derived from which nerve?

Answer 14

Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
Zygomaticotemporal
Auriculotemporal 
Derived from trigeminal nerve

Question 15

Sensory nerves behind the auricle?

Derived from?

Answer 15

Behind the auricle---
Great auricular
Lesser occipital
Greater occipital 
Third occipital
Derived from C2 and C3

Question 16

Types of emissary vein

Answer 16

Parietal and mastoid
Parietal – pass through parietal foramen and communicate with superior saggital sinus
Mastoid – pass through mastoid foramen communicate with sigmoid sinus

Question 17

Bell’s palsy occurs due to?

Answer 17

Compression of facial nerve in facial canal near stylomastoid foramen
Probably due to viral infection