Scale Of Production 1.6 Flashcards
scales of production:one off/bespoke
1 highly skilled craftsman creates single garment
Over number of days/months
Examples: prom or wedding dress theatre costumes
Unique finished to high standard
Longer time to make (usually 50+ hours)
Very expensive ( labour costs and use of more expensive materials)
Personalised
scales of production:batch
Specified number made (can range eg 5 or 5000) fixed number of identical products
Example:seasonal wear bikinis
Team of workers
Medium time to make ( slower than mass quicker than one off )
Medium cost ( worker have reasonable range of skills and can involve complex planning eg delivery dates products for different customers etc )
scales of production:mass
No specific number
Example: styles which stay the same ( jeans shirts school uniform )
Low skilled workers ( only do 1 skill over and over efficient )
Large quantity’s
Machines used- continuous can go 24hrs efficient quicker than workers ( specialised equipment can be expensive)
Short time to make ( machines every operation times goes along straight line)
Low cost ( cheap not highly skilled workers machinery can be expensive)
scales of production:unit production systems
Computers used to plan and control flow of work rates of production pre determined ( speeds up time taken )
Parts of product taken over head by conveyer as close to left shoulder of worker ( quick more efficient )
Responds quickly to change in fashion market
Larger scale which reduced cost
scales of production: quick response manufacturing
Multi skilled workers do more than one task work in teams different parts of garments cut out moved around factory
Computer control helps manufacturers to respond quickly to change in fashion market
Longer than mass and unit production systems
Machinery more versatile than mass ( flexible can change quick to change in fashion market )
Save on production costs using QRM
scales of production:section
Workers and versatile and can carry out number of different tasks
Workers specialise in making 1 major part of a garment ( whole front of shirt including pockets buttons etc )
Longer to make as workers sew whole of a section
Larger scale than one off so reduces costs but workers specialised so can increase costs
scales of production:vertical in-house production
High street retailers do own designing manufacturing and distribution
M&S and Zara use process
Can increase cost structure
Lead times shortened so products in shops quicker
Reduces cost of outsourcing a manufacturer
scales of production:modular or cell production
Workers operate in small teams to enable products to be made as QRM
scales of production:Just in time
Fabrics and components arrive at factory just as they are needed to go into production line only buy amount needed for the batch
Production plan info on what’s needed uses barcodes
Orders places quickly lower time spent
Less expensive stock brought in quantities required ( not stored in warehouse saves costs )
scales of production:flexible manufacturing systems
Able to respond quickly to change in demand
Example: weather change national unexpected even eg queen dies
Allows small order so customers can get items
Short time period ( come quickly by plane environmental issues and money
Customer buys online waits 2 weeks for item
Examples : Nike trainers customer can change tick colour personalised but cheap
Can quickly change designs cheaply
