SC8 Flashcards
How do you know when a solution is neutral?
Solutions with a pH of 7
How do you know when a solution is acidic?
When they have a pH of less than 7
How do you know when a solution is alkaline?
When they have a pH greater than 7
How do you find the pH of a solution?
Use universal indicator
When are polyatomic ions formed?
They’re formed when small groups of atoms, held together by covalent bonds, lose or gain electrons
What do acids produce when they’re dissolved in water?
Excess of hydrogen ions
What do alkaline produce when dissolved in water?
Excess of hydroxide ions
The higher the number of hydrogen ions in a certain volume…
The higher the concentration
Higher concentration=more acidic
Lower pH
The higher the concentration of hydroxide ions…
More alkaline the solution
Higher pH
What is the concentration like in neutral solutions?
Contain low, equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions
What happens to the pH if the concentration of hydrogen ions is increased by a factor of 10?
pH decreases by 1
What happens to the pH if the concentration of hydrogen ions is decreased by a factor of 10?
pH increases by 1
What are strong acids?
Their molecules dissociate into ions when dissolved in water and produce high concentration of hydrogen ions
What are weak acids?
Don’t dissociate completely into ions when dissolved in water
What are bases?
They are substances that neutralise acids to form salt and water
All metal oxides are bases