SC6i - CALCULATIONS 2 Flashcards
actual yield definition
amount of product actually made
expected yield definition
amount of product expected to be made
percentage yield formula
percentage yield = actual yield / expected yield x 100
actual yield is always less than expected yield because (3 reasons)
- some product is ‘left behind’ on the equipment eg. filter paper
- the reaction may not be complete or may be reversible
- there may be unwanted side reactions
atom economy definition
a measure of how efficient or sustainable a chemical reaction is
atom economy formula
atom economy (%) = mass of useful product / total mass of products x 100
concentration definition
amount of solute (in g or moles) per dm3 or solvent
concentration equation
concentration (g/dm3) = mass of solute (g) / volume of solution (dm3)
OR
concentration (mol/dm3) = moles of solute (mol) / volume of solution (dm3)
moles equation including concentration and volume
moles (mol) = concentration (mol/dm3) x volume (dm3)
equation for converting concentration in g/dm3 to mol/dm3
concentration in mol/dm3 = concentration in g/dm3 / RFM
at room temperature and pressure (RTP), 1 mole of any gas occupies __dm3
24dm3
mole equation for gases
moles = volume (dm3) / 24
moles = volume (dm3) / 24,000
moles equation including mass and RFM
moles (mol) = mass (g) / RFM (g/mol)