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GCSE edexel chemistry higher > SC1+2 - States of matter > Flashcards

SC1+2 - States of matter Flashcards

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1
Q

describe a solid

A

close together atoms
regular structure
vibrate around fixed positions
least energy stored

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2
Q

describe a liquid

A

close together atoms
move around eachother
random pattern

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3
Q

describe a gas

A

far apart
random pattern
move fast in all directions
most stored energy

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4
Q

what is the state change from a gas to a solid called

A

desublimation

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5
Q

what type of change is a state change

A

physical change

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6
Q

what changes during a state change

A

energy is transferred to or from the particles
arrangement of particles changes
the movement of particles changes

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7
Q

what is an element

A

a substance that consists of only atoms with the same atomic number

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8
Q

what is a compound

A

a substance that consists of two or more elements chemically joined together

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9
Q

what is a mixture

A

contains different elements and/or compounds not chemically joined together

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10
Q

what is the meaning of pure

A

only contains one element or compound

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11
Q

what type of melting point so pure and un pure substances have ?

A

pure- sharp melting point

impure- melt over a range of temperatures

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12
Q

what is filtration

A

seperates an insoluble solid from a liquid or gas
eg: sand and water or peas and water

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13
Q

what is the filtered through liquid called

A

filtrare

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14
Q

what can crystillisation do

A

seperates a solvent and solute

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15
Q

why do you crystalise slowly at the end

A

the particles will have longer to form an ordered pattern and will make larger crystals

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16
Q

what can you use paper chromatography to do

A

-distinguish between a pure and an impure substance (pure substances produce one dot)
-identify a substance by comparing its spots with those of known substances with an rf value

17
Q

explain what happens during paper chromotography

A

The more soluble a compound the faster it travels up the paper The less soluble inks travel slower and therefore seperate

18
Q

in chromatography what are the mobile phase and stationary phase

A

mobile- solvent/water
stationary- chromatography paper

19
Q

what is the equation for rf

A

distance traveled by spot/distance traveled by solvent

20
Q

what is simple distillation used for

A

used to seperate a liquid from solid minerals

21
Q

what is drinking water called

A

potable

22
Q

what must potable water have

A

low levels of contaminating substances
low levels of microbes

23
Q

Explain how water is made potable

A

sedimentation- small insoluble particles sink to the bottom

filtration- insoluble particles are removed by filtering water through bodies of sand and gravel

chlorination- chlorine gas is bubbled through the water to kill microbes which may cause disease

GCSE edexel chemistry higher (8 decks)

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