SB9

Question 1

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 1

All the organisms and the environment they live in.

Question 2

What is a population?

Answer 2

A group of the same species that live in a particular area.

Question 3

What is a habitat?

Answer 3

The area in which an organism or population lives.

Question 4

What is a community?

Answer 4

All the different organisms that live in a particular area.

Question 5

What does interdependent mean?

Answer 5

When two organisms are dependant upon each other.

Question 6

What are producers?

Answer 6

Organisms that use sunlight energy to produce food.

Question 7

What are consumers?

Answer 7

Organisms that get their energy by eating other organism (producers/consumers).

Question 8

What is a primary consumer?

Answer 8

Gets it energy by eating plants.

Question 9

What is a secondary consumer?

Answer 9

Gets its energy by eating primary consumers.

Question 10

What is a tertiary consumer?

Answer 10

Gets its energy by eating secondary consumers.

Question 11

What abiotic factors affect communities?

Answer 11

Temperature
Amount of water
Light intensity
Levels of pollution

Question 12

What biotic factors affect communities?

Answer 12

Competitions - organisms compete with other species for the same resources.

Predators - e.g - number of lions decrease = gazelles might increase.

Question 13

What is a quadrat?

Answer 13

Its a square frame enclosing a know area.

Question 14

What do pyramids of biomass show?

Answer 14

Weight

Question 15

What’s the equation for efficiency?

Answer 15

Energy transferred to next level/energy available at previous level x 100

Question 16

What is eutrophication?

Answer 16

An excess of nutrients in water.

It can lead to death
From fertilisers - if too much is applied and rains afterwards

Question 17

What is a non-indigenous specie?

Answer 17

Its one that doesn’t naturally occur in an area.

Can cause problems with indigenous species - more competition, disease.

Question 18

How do we conserve and maintain biodiversity?

Answer 18

Reforestation

Conservation schemes

Question 19

What are the benefits of maintaining biodiversity?

Answer 19

Protecting human food supply
Ensuring minimal damage to food chains 
Providing future medicines 
Cultural aspects 
Ecotourism 
Providing new jobs

Question 20

What does reforestation do?

Answer 20

Can increase biodiversity in deforested areas.

Question 21

What do conservation schemes do?

Answer 21

Protect at risk species from dying out.

Protecting a species natural habitat.
Protecting species in safe areas outside their habitat.
The use of seed banks.

Question 22

What are biological factors affecting the level of food security?

Answer 22

Increasing human population.
Increasing consumption of meat, fish and increasing animal farming.
Environmental changes caused by human activity (climate change)
Sustainability
New pests and pathogens

Question 23

What affects the rate of decay?

Answer 23

Temperature - warmer temp speeds it up

Water content - faster in moist environments

Oxygen availability - faster when there’s plenty of oxygen

Question 24

What food preservation methods reduce the rate of decay?

Answer 24

Storing food in the fridge/freeze lowers the temperature.

Storing food in airtight cans stops microorganisms getting in.

Drying foods removes the water that microorganisms need to survive and reproduce.