SB3c DNA Flashcards
adenine
Base found in DNA (A)
base
Four substances that help make up DNA, often shown by the letters A, C, G and T. Pairs of bases form ‘links’ between two ‘spines’ formed of phosphate groups and a type of sugar.
chromosome
A structure found in the nuclei of cells. Each chromosome contains one enormously long DNA molecule packed up with proteins.
complementary base pair
Two DNA bases that fit into each other and link by hydrogen bonds. There are two types of complementary base pair: A linking with T, and C linking with G.
cytosine
Base found in DNA (C)
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid. A polymer made of sugar and phosphate groups joined to bases. One molecule of DNA is found in each chromosome.
double helix
A structure made of two helices joined together.
gene
Section of the long strand of DNA found in a chromosome, which often contains instructions for a protein.
guanine
Base found in DNA (G)
hydrogen bond
Weak force of attraction caused by differences in the electrical charge on different parts of different molecules.
thymine
Base found in DNA (T)