Sauerland: Pre-lab 1 Flashcards
The skull can be divided into 2 parts. What are they?
the cranium - lodges and protects the brain
skeleton of the face or facial bones
Which Le Fort fractures are partial? Which is complete?
partial: 1 and 2
complete: 3
Horizontal fractures of the maxilla, passing superior to the maxillary alveolar process (i.e., sup- erior to the roots of the upper teeth), crossing the bony nasal septum and sometimes the pterygoid plates of the sphenoid bone
Le Fort I fractures
Passes from the posterolateral parts of the maxillary sinuses and then superomedially through infraorbital structures, the lacrimal bones, the ethmoid bone, and up to the bridge of the nose. As a result, the entire pyramidal-shaped central part of the face, including the hard palate and the maxillary alveolar processes, is separated from the rest of the cranium
Le Fort II fracture
This is a severe horizontal fracture that passes through the superior parts of orbit and the ethmoid and nasal bones. It extends laterally through the greater wings of the sphenoid bone and the frontozygomatic sutures. Often, the zygomatic bones and the zygomatic arches are also fractured.
This is a complete cranio-facial
dysjunction
Le Fort III fracture
T/F: Craniofacial dysjunction in Le Fort III fractures distort facial symmetry.
True
T/F: During passage of the baby through the birth canal, the pliable and soft bones change their shape and may override each other.
Within a few days of birth, the shape of the calvaria returns to normal
True
What is the most common place where edema and bleeding can occur during the passage of the baby? **this occurs beneath the skin
caput succedaneum
Bleeding can also occur beneath the galea. What is this called?
subgaleal hemorrhage
If bleeding occurs beneath the periosteum, what is this called?
cephalhematoma
T/F: Ping-pong fractures may occur in newborns, but usually regress within a few days.
True
What is parotitis?
infection of the parotid gland leading to inflammation
**due to obstruction or ascending infection
In which gland is malignancy the most frequent?
parotid gland
What is this?
Hard and fast growing, intense pain due to pressure on sensory nerves, infiltration and destruction of neighboring structures
malignant tumors of parotid gland
What bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?
zygomatic bone
temporal bone
Where does the lateral palpebral ligament attach?
Where does the medial palpebral ligament attach?
to the zygomatic bone
to the frontal process of the maxilla **a bit to the nasal bone
Palpebral fissures are normally (blank)
horizontally aligned
When you dislocate the zygomatic bone (i.e. punched in the eye), what happens to the lateral canthal ligament?
it is displaced downward and will cause the eye to appear drooped
What happens when the medial canthal ligaments detach?
telecanthus (widening of intercanthal distance **distance between pupils will be wider)
almond-shaped palpebral fissures
What passes through the mandibular foramen?
inferior alveolar nerve (V3)
inferior alveolar artery
The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of what nerve?
What foramen does it pass through?
What ligament forms this foramen?
What does this nerve innervate?
V3
mandibular foramen
sphenomandibular ligament
the lower jaw, teeth, chin
Maxillary artery gives off the (blank) artery, which ultimately gives of the (blank) branch to the chin!
inferior alveolar; mental
What are the 3 main sties of fracture to the mandible?
neck
angle
body
What muscle attaches to the coronoid process of the mandible?
the temporalis muscle
