Human behavior: BPSS and Interdependence II Flashcards
The study of interactions between behavior, the nervous system, and the immune system
psychoneuroimmnology
**these systems reciprocally affect one another
What are innate defenses vs adaptive defenses?
surface barriers and internal defenses **inflammation
vs
humoral immunity and cellular immunity (B and T cells)
T/F: Inflammation plays a big role in chronic disease, and may be the link between the immune system, the endocrine system, and nervous system.
True
Is there a definitive causal link between stress and immunity?
No, but there are many correlations
**could involve mediating variables
T/F: Stress can delay wound healing
True
- *caregivers had more poor immune function and took 9 days longer to heal a wound than controls
- *wounds placed on dental students 3 days before an exam healed 40% slower
T/F: Pain can affect immune and endocrine function
True
**painful stressors, surgery, and anesthetic techniques
T/F: Use of drugs, alcohol, smoking, and nutrition can alter wound healing
True
T/F: Distressed patients more likely to have sleep/appetite disturbances
True
- *deep sleep associated w release of GH
- *partial sleep loss one night can result in increased cortisol levels the next evening
T/F: Patients with more fear/stress prior to surgery experienced greater pain, longer hospital stays, more post-op complications, poorer treatment adherence
True
T/F: Personality varaibles can affect post-surgical outcomes
True
**optimism
T/F: Interventions that target psychological influences can enhance surgical recovery
True
**pts taught about relaxation before surgery, had earlier discharge and required less morphine
(blank) emotions (depression, anxiety, anger) can intensify a variety of health threats (cardiovascular disease, Type II DM, certain cancers, etc.) through immune dysregulation. Production of (blank) that influence these conditions can be directly stimulated by negative emotions and stressful experiences
negative; proinflammatory cytokines
T/F: Thus, distress-related immune dysregulation may be one core mechanism linking health risks associated with negative emotions to disease
True
T/F: Several well-controlled prospective studies have linked depressive symptoms with coronary heard disease (CHD)
True
**pts w depression 4.5 x greater risk of heart attack
T/F: Chronic depressed mood has been found to be linked to cancer risk
True
Depression linked with these things
osteoporosis (lower bone mineral density)
declines in muscle strength
reduced rehabilitation
less compliance w diabetes
T/F: Anxiety plays a role in the development of CHD and contributes to poorer prognosis after acute coronary events, including death and recurrent ischemic events
True
T/F: Chronic anger and hostility also negatively impact health
True
**men high in hostility >2x risk of cardiovascular mortality
Do psychosocial interventions affect immunity?
Yes
- *taught med students about relaxation & students had higher helper T-lymphocyte % during exams
- *relaxation in older adults increased NK cell activity
T/F: Social isolation constitutes a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality
True
**just as important as risk factors like smoking, BP, obesity
T/F: There is a link b/w social support and immune functioning
True
**not just amount of social support, but quality also important
What is the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and medical disease?
ACE score was linked w health outcomes - adverse childhood experiences have a powerful relation to adult health
**adverse childhood experiences are more common that expected!!
What is the relationship between ACE and ischemic heart disease?
the higher the number of adverse childhood experiences, the higher the risk of ischemic heart disease
**exposure to 4 or more 2x increased risk
What mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and ischemic heart disease?
psychological factors
**presence of depressed affect and anger moreso than cardiac risk factors!!
