Satire Flashcards
0
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Types of Satire
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- Horatian Satire
- Juvenalism Satire
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Q
Satire
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- blends critical attitude with humor
- attempts to improve mankind/ human institutions (individual, group, or mankind)
- ridicule, irony, exaggeration almost always present (NOT necessarily a comedy)
- some serious statements of value or desired behavior but mostly implied moral code
- audience understands “code” but only pays it lip service (hypocrite)
2
Q
Horation Satire
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- delights/ instructs with laughter and ridicule to gently highlight human flaws
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Juvenalism Satire
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- harsh, intolerant
- attacks particular people, sometimes thinly disguised as fictional characters
- laughter + ridicule (like narration) + invective + attack
4
Q
Satirical Techniques
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- (used to make a comment or criticism about a particular subject or character)
- Exaggeration
- Caricature
- Burlesque
- Incongruity
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Exaggeration
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- enlarge, increase, or represent something beyond normal bounds so that is becomes ridicules and its faults can be seen
- Caricature
- Burlesque
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Caricature
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- exaggeration of physical feature or trait cartoons, especially political cartoons, provide extensive examples of caricature
7
Q
Satire Quote
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- “…a poem in which wickedness or folly is censured” - Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
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Q
Purpose of Satire
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- goal of satire = illuminate hypocrisy of the target
- wants target and/ or audience to adopt moral “code” for reals, yo
- manipulated devises of comparison - similarities/ contrasts between 2 things (incongruous list of items, oxymoron, metaphors, etc.)
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Q
Burlesque
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- ridiculous of language
- ex.When a character who should use formal, intelligent language, speaks like a fool OR a character who is portrayed as uneducated uses highly sophisticated, intelligent language.
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Q
Incongruity
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- to present things that are out of place or are absurd in relation to its surrounds
- particular techniques include oxymoron, metaphor, and irony
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Satirical Techniques
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- (used to make a comment or criticism about a particular subject or character)
- Parody
- Reversal
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Q
Parody
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- to imitate the techniques and/ or style of some person, place, or thing in order to ridicule the original
- for parody to be successful, the reader must know the original text being ridiculed
13
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Reversal
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- to present the opposite of normal order
- reversal can focus on the order of events, such as serving dessert before the main dish or having breakfast for dinner
- reversal can also focus on hierarchical order – for instance, when a young child makes all the decisions for a family or when and administrative assistant dictates what the company president does
14
Q
Satirical Devices
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- Irony
- Juxtaposition
- Persona
- Hyperbole
- Invective
- Understatement
- Euphemism
- Definition
- Colloquialism
- Non- Sequitur
- Pun
- Stereotyping
- Malapropism
- Wit
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Q
Irony
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- most commonly used/ most effective = instrument if truth, provides: wit, humor, indirect criticism (deflated, scorns, attacks)
- a satire is ironic, but not all irony is satire
- Purpose
- Uses
- Types of Irony
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Q
Purposes of Irony
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- want to be believed but lying/ probably out of kindness
- don’t want to believed/ to upset/ sarcasm
- don’t want to be believed/ share amusement/ ironic
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Uses of Irony
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- writers say opposite of want he means
- gives audience knowledge the characters lacks
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Types of Irony
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- Verbal
- Structural
- Dramatic
- Cosmic/ Situational
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Verbal Irony
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- 2 meanings (said and meant) often sarcasm = sneering, personal disapproval pretending to be praise)
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Structural Irony
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- built into texts so that surface + deeper meanings are present throughout (use naïve hero/ narrator - comments: observations are at odds with readers - but reader must understand author’s intention
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Q
Dramatic Irony
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- audience has knowledge that is denied to one or more characters
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Cosmic/ Situational Irony
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- gods, life, fate, or some other powerful force manipulative events in a way that mocks the main character
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Juxtaposition
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- side by side placement of opposites
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Persona
- person credited by author to tell story in order to distance himself from what is said
- persons and author may not share same beliefs
- common to use narrators who are not very bright (irony)
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Hyperbole
- exaggeration for emphasis/ heighten effect/ catalyze recognition/ create humorous perception
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Invective
- abuses and denounces against a person, cause, idea, system; angry, bitter
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Understatement
- express idea with less emphasis than is actually warranted (irony)
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Euphemism
- a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept
- the euphemism may be sued to adhere to standards of social or political correctness or to add humor or ironic understatement
- ex: saying “earthly remains” rather than “corpse” is an example of euphemism
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Deflation
- an object either assumes or is given elevated status and then is treated in such a way that estimation of the object decreases
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Colloquialism
- the use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, colloquialisms give a work a conversational, familiar tone. Colloquial expressions in writing include local or regional dialects
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Non- Sequitur
- Latin= it doesn't follow
- statement that does not relate logically to what comes before it
- ex: if you wanted to earn a 5 on the AP Lang exam, you wouldn't spend so much time reading Jane Austen novels
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Pun
- employs two meanings relying on the different uses of a word
- can be used to set the tone of the satirical piece — whether it is light hearted or serious in its intention
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Stereotyping
- method of treating a character so that the character is immediately identified with a group
- a character may be associated with a group through accent, food choices, style of dress, or any readily identifiable group characteristics
- ex: rugged cowboy, the bearded psychiatrist, and the scarred villain
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Malapropism
- refers to the practice of misusing words by substituting words with similar sounding words that have different, often unconnected meanings, and thus creating a situation of confusion, misunderstanding and amusement
- used to convey that the speaker or character is flustered, bothered, unaware or confused and as a result cannot employ proper diction
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Wit
- intellectually amazing language that surprises and delights.
- a witty statement is humorous, while suggesting the speaker’s verbal power in creating ingenious and perceptive remarks
- usually uses terse language that makes a pointed statement
