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BIO EXAM 4 > Sarcomere > Flashcards

Sarcomere Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a Sarcomere?

A

The contractile unit of a muscle cell that makes a myofibril

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2
Q

What is the Sarcolemma?

A

plasma membrane of skeletal muscle cells (stores calcium)

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3
Q

What is the Sarcoplasm and what is in it?

A

the cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell; Myofibrils, Myoglobin, and Glycogen

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4
Q

What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Modified endoplasmic reticulum that regulates calcium in the cell

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5
Q

What are the T (transverse) tubules?

A

Tubes continuous with the sarcolemma to increase surface area

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6
Q

True or false: During contraction, the entire sarcomere lengthens.

A

False;

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7
Q

True or False: In a fully contracted sarcomere, the H zone disappears.

A

True

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8
Q

True or False: During contraction, the I band decreases in length.

A

FALSE; it decreases in width

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9
Q

True or False: During contraction, the A band does not change width.

A

True

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10
Q

What is found in the I band?

A

Actin and Elastin

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11
Q

During contraction, the strands of myosin are:

A

not moving anywhere

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12
Q

What are Thick filaments?

A

Myosin; binds and hydrolyzes ATP

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13
Q

What happens with Thick filaments?

A

the release of energy allows the head to change shape (FLEX) and ultimately generate force

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14
Q

What are Thin filaments and their two accessory proteins?

A

Actin + Tropomyosin and Troponin

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15
Q

What do Thin filaments do?

A

each actin has an active site that can bind to the head of a myosin protein

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16
Q

What will Tropomyosin do?

A

blocks the active sites on actin

17
Q

What will Troponin do?

A

binds to and regulates tropomyosin

18
Q

What happens with Troponin in the presence of Ca 2+ (calcium)?

A

Troponin moves Tropomyosin off active sites of actin

19
Q

What is the I-Band?

A

light region with only THIN filaments

20
Q

What is the A-Band?

A

dark region with only THICK filaments

21
Q

What are Z-Disks?

A

boundary between sarcomeres

22
Q

What is the M Line?

A

midline of sarcomere

23
Q

What is the H Zone?

A

contains the thick filament; no thin filaments

24
Q

What is the Sliding Filament Theory?

A

Interaction between thick and thin filaments causes sarcomeres to slide closer to each other; THIN filaments are pulled along THICK filaments towards M-Line

25
Q

What happens when many sarcomeres are counteracting?

A

Muscle contracts

26
Q
A

BIO EXAM 4 (6 decks)

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