Sarcoidosis

Question 1

What is sarcoidosis?

Answer 1

Chronic granulomatous disorder

Question 2

What is the epidemiology?

Answer 2

Aged 20-39 or around 60
Women
Black ethnic origin

Question 3

What is the presentation?

Answer 3

Dry cough
SOB
Erythema nodosum
Lupus permio

Question 4

What is erythema nodosum?

Answer 4

Nodules of inflamed subcut fat on shins
Raised, red, tender, painful subcut nodules across both shins

Question 5

What is lupus pernio?

Answer 5

Purple skin lesions on cheeks and nose

Question 6

What organs are affected in sarcoidosis?

Answer 6

Lungs
Systemic
Liver
Eyes
Heart
Kidneys
CNS
PNS
Bones

Question 7

What would be shown in blood tests?

Answer 7

Raised ACE
Raised calcium

Question 8

what would be seen on X-ray for sarcoidosis?

Answer 8

Hilar lymphadenopathy

Question 9

What would be shown on CT scan?

Answer 9

Show Hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary nodules

Question 10

What would MRI show?

Answer 10

CNS involvement

Question 11

What would PET scan show?

Answer 11

Active inflammation

Question 12

What is the management of sarcoidosis?

Answer 12

Conservative management
Oral steroids + bisphosphonates protect against osteoporosis
Methotrexate
Lung transplant Fertility treatment

Question 13

What is the prognosis of sarcoidosis?

Answer 13

Spontaneous resolve in half patients within 2 years
May progress to pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension