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Search and rescue policies > SAR CH 3 &4 > Flashcards

SAR CH 3 &4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the initial track spacing for a PIW?

A

.1 or 200 yds

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2
Q

what are the two initial search patterns used to start a Search?

A

The Square Pattern (sometimes called Expanding Square) and Sector Pattern are often the patterns used for initial search efforts.

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3
Q

What is the Square single Unit search? What about Multi unit?

A

(S) is used when there is a high degree of confidence the search object is close to the estimated datum position.
EX; 1st leg is direction of drift, followed by 90 degree rt turns… speed is usually 10 kts in direction of drift.
(SM)Multi = 45 to the RT after the first units course

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4
Q

What is a Sector Search?

A

(V) used when Datum is established within close limits, and very high coverage degree of confidence, but the search object is difficult to detect.
Ex: 120 deg to the RT after completed, start 2nd search 30 degrees to the right

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5
Q

What if two units are on scene starting the Sector search at the same time?

A

(VS) 2nd unit would start 90 deg to the left or start at a reduced speed.

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6
Q

What is track spacing? and what if you can’t find the drift?

A 
Track spacing (S) is the distance between adjacent parallel search legs.
Start at 000 degress.
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7
Q

Can you Search for dead bodies?

A

Coast Guard is not required to conduct searches for bodies. If, however, requests are received from responsible agencies, such as local police, military commands, etc., Coast Guard units may participate in body searches provided that these searches do not interfere with the primary duties of the units.”

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8
Q

How long shall a SMC issue UMIB?

A

issue at every 15 min within an hour

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9
Q

what is the difference between false alert and HOAX?

A

false alert = misjudged the situation
HOAX = conveyed with the intent to deceive
Call CGIS or fine them 5yrs prison, 10,000 in fines

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10
Q

What is (AIS) automatic identification system?

A

The U.S. is establishing nationwide AIS as an element of maritime domain awareness (MDA) to identify vessels approaching or near the coastline, within U.S. ports and inland regions.

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11
Q

how is AIS used to communicate?

A

communicate between vessels
locate and identify distressed vessels
identify distressed vessels involving SAR

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12
Q

Can the CG intervene with a case?

A

Yes, if the CG determines that the services are not adequate then we shall stabilize the situation.

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13
Q

What will you do if you arrive on scene and there is a non distress issue? offer a MARB marine assistance request broadcast.

A

(1) It appears there is no imminent danger;
(2) Its CG policy to defer to an alternate responder; and
(3) CG will assist in contacting alternate assistance, such as a commercial provider or friend.
await a 10 min response on MARBs

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14
Q

Can you force a mariner out there boat?

A

Forcible and/or compelled evacuations should only be conducted when a life-threatening emergency exists, and there is an immediate need for assistance or aid.

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15
Q

can you help salvage a vessel?

A

CG may assist at the request and unit capabilities, only engage other than towing when limited salvage operations like `(ungrounding, pumping, DC) can prevent a worsening situation from happening. At the OIC discretion.

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16
Q

`Can you help put out a fire? Use your resources and make sure a firefighting boat is on the way.

A

Independent- CG shall not engage in firefighting except in the early stages to save a life or put out a fire.
Commercial help- CG shall not engage in firefighting except for support under a firefighting agency or fire officer.

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17
Q

Can your unit provide a mariner with courses to steer during an emergency?

A

Treat this as a case and respond immediately and you can not give courses to steer

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18
Q

What is MEDICO and MEDIVAC?

A

Medico is advice giving over the radio to someone in distress.
Medivac is a helo rescue operation.

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19
Q

Who can stop CPR in order to Medivac a patient?

A

Flight surgeon, determination to be considered:

duration of the hoist time lapse since person went into cardiopulmonary illness, chronic pain

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20
Q

what will you do about a jumper?

A

Call 911 and act accordingly if a search is imminent .

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21
Q

will you rescue a pet?

A

If pets cannot be rescued then their location shall be provided to animal rescue services for possible separate recovery of the pets.

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22
Q

Can a surface swimmer dive under for rescue?

A

“The Cutter Swimmer shall not enter capsized hulls air frames, submerged vessels, or vehicles.
a swimmer should be used only when absolutely necessary because when a crewmember goes over the side to assist, it means an additional person has to be picked up from the water. Another crewmember must tend the line attached to the swimming harness at all times . . .”

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23
Q

What shall you do for diving operations?

A

Know the resources around you for help, Divers shall be civilian certified or CG Divers for rescue. Ask boats in the area before resorting to last resort.

24
Q

What can you do to help a capsized vessel?

A 
keep in contact with the person
stabilize the hull
estimate volume of air
inject air
possibly help walk the person out if close to shore or parbuckle the boat.
25
Q

What is Leeway?

A

Leeway is the movement through water caused by winds blowing against the exposed surfaces of the search object.

26
Q

what is sweep width? and track spacing?

A

distance measured on both sides, 1 mile sweep width means 1/2 mile on both sides.
Track spacing is the distance between adjacent parallel legs within the search area.

27
Q

what is a Parallel search? Which way do they run? (P)

A

(P) used when there is an equal probability that the search object could be anywhere in the search area.
Major axis

28
Q

What is a Creeping search? (C)

A

The CS pattern is used when the probable location of the search object has been determined to be more likely at one end of the search area.
Its on its Minor axis.

29
Q

what is a track-line search? T

A

used when the only information available was the intended track.

30
Q

what is a barrier search?

A

The barrier pattern is used in areas with strong current, such as a river.
The search lies along the path of the current.
The boat moves back and forth over the same track.
The boat moves from one side of the search area to the other while the current carries the water and objects past the search barrier.

31
Q

What are the search pattern designations? How many search patterns are there?

A 
T = Trackline 
C = Creeping line
P = Parallel 
V = Sector 
S = Square 
B = Barrier
6 total patterns
32
Q

What is the Second letter in the search?

A

Its the unit
S= single
M- multi

33
Q

What is the third letter in the Search?

A 
R= return
N= non-return
34
Q

Failure to observe the prohibitions and mandatory provisions of this Chapter by military personnel may be a violation of Article 92

A

Reportable Mishaps. A Coast Guard mishap is defined as any unplanned, unexpected or undesirable event that causes injury, occupational illness, death, material loss or damage. The unit or command in-charge of the operation/mission at the time of the mishap must submit of the mishap report

35
Q

Relief of Tow. In cases involving towing by the Coast Guard or Coast Guard Auxiliary where no emergency exists, the assisted vessel may be released to another provider who appears capable, provided that:

A
  1. SMC and Coxn determine hand off is safe.
  2. Alternate assistance is set up by the boater.
  3. CG is in need of the Asset towing.
36
Q

If you get on-scene and they decline assistance?

A

Issue a MARB and wait 10 min if no one responds, and situation worsens then SMC may assist.

37
Q

What does 14 usc 521 allow you to do?

A

Authority to engage in SAR and save lives.

38
Q

what are the three phases of SAR?

A 
uncertainty = doubt
alert= apprehension
distress= danger
39
Q

what is the difference between hoax and false alarm?

A

Hoax is the intent to deceive and could face possible fines, prison.
False alarm is confirmed to be not in distress and no need for assistance.

40
Q

What is Datum?

A

Most probable location of a search object corrected by movement over time.

41
Q

what are the search area methods?

A

corner point, trackline, center point circle, center point rectangle

42
Q

What are the methods of pick up for MOB? Approaching in severe weather?

A

A. Destroyer turn
A1. Anderson- fastest recovery method, not for single prop rescue
A2. Race track
A3. Williamson- turn 60 degrees and speed doesn’t change, in order to get boat back on reciprocal course.If an individual falls overboard during periods of darkness or restricted visibility, and the exact time of the incident is unknown, a maneuver known as the Williamson turn should be used to search for the person overboard.

43
Q

When describing search areas. SRUs must be able to plot search areas. What are the three methods used to describe search areas?

A
  1. Boundary method
  2. corner point method
  3. Center point method
44
Q

What is last known positioning?

A

Location in the search pattern where SRU begins

45
Q

Search leg?

A

is the long leg along the track on any pattern

46
Q

Crossleg?

A

is the connection between two search legs.

47
Q

Units shall open a new MISLE case no later than one hour after notification.

A

To facilitate near real-time entry, units are encouraged to open new MISLE cases within 15 minutes of notification. This final review shall be completed within five days of case conclusion for SAR.

48
Q

What is a MAYDAY call?

A

Involving Imminent danger to life

49
Q

What is the SECTOR SAR Chain of Command?

A 
SC = District CDR
SMC = Sector CDR
OSC = Search and rescue unit
50
Q

According to SAR Response time, what is the maximum amount of time to provide assistance within?

A

No greater than a two hour total response time for any surface or air unit.

51
Q

What is warranted risk?

A

The probability of saving a human life warrants a maximum effort.
Ex: A. damaging a boat to save a human life.
B. Save a life or probability of preventing or relieving intense pain or suffering warrants the risk of damage, abuse if recovering the boat can reasonable be expected.

52
Q

Can you damage a boat in the defense of the US or Citizens?

A

yes

53
Q

UMIB’s shall be used for examples of ?

A

a. mayday calls
b. DSC calls
c. flare sightings
d. overdue vessel

54
Q

What is ACTSUS?

A
  1. Active search suspended

2. ACTSUS authority inherently rests with the SAR Coordinator

55
Q

Two types of search drifting patterns are?

A

A. Precision

B. Drifting

56
Q

What is the SAR program goal

A

Prevent loss of life in every situation where our actions in performance could possibly be brought to bear.

57
Q

(MSAP) Maritime search and assistance policy?

A

allows commercial vessels to conduct their services without interruption as long as its safe

Search and rescue policies (5 decks)

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