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OPP 3 > Sandhouse - Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Sandhouse - Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

The sympathetic nervous system effects all of the following except: (more than one may apply)

a) Heart
b) Peripheral blood vessels
c) SA Node
d) AV Node
e) Kidney and Adrenals

A

c) SA Node
d) AV Node

SA and AV node is innervated by the Vagus Nerve (which is PARASYMPATHETIC!)

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2
Q

What viscerosomatic levels is the heart at?

A

T1-T6

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3
Q

What viscerosomatic levels are peripheral blood vessels at?

A

T1-L2

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4
Q

What viscerosomatic levels are the kidneys and adrenals at?

A

T10-L2

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5
Q

Which is not a role of the sympathetic nervous system:

a) Maintain vascular tone
b) Decrease heart rate and contractility
c) Increase Cardiac Output
d) Vasoconstriction

A

b) Decrease heart rate and contractility

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6
Q

T or F: The right vagus innervates the AV node.

A

FALSE; The RIGHT vagus innervates the SA node; the LEFT vagus innervates the AV node

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7
Q

Lymphatic drainage from the heart predominately goes to the left or right lymphatic duct?

A

Right lymphatic duct

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8
Q

Which of the following can impaired lymphatic drainage result in? (name all that apply)

a) increased morbidity and mortality from ischemia and infection
b) atherosclerosis
c) development of HTN
d) Pulmonary edema, ascites, hepatomegaly and peripheral edema
e) increased morbidity in patients with CHF due to electrolyte imbalances
f) decreased collateral circulation

A

ALL OF THEM!

a) increased morbidity and mortality from ischemia and infection
b) atherosclerosis
c) development of HTN
d) Pulmonary edema, ascites, hepatomegaly and peripheral edema
e) increased morbidity in patients with CHF due to electrolyte imbalances
f) decreased collateral circulation

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9
Q

What If you feel hypersympathetic activity on the right side, what could this mean?

A

SVTs

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10
Q

What If you feel hypersympathetic activity on the left side, what could this mean?

A

ectopic foci, VF

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11
Q

What If you feel increased sympathetic tone via somatovisceral changes, what could this mean?

A

coronary vasospasm

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12
Q

A patient presents with vascular and cardiac hyperreactivity to sympathetic stimuli, what disease could they have?

A

Essential HTN

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13
Q

If a patient has prolonged sympathetic stimuli to the kidneys, what could this cause?

A

Elevated BP due to functional retention of water and salt

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14
Q

A patient shows hyperparasympathetic activity on the right side, what the heck is going on?

A

sinus bradyarrythmias

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15
Q

A patient shows hyperparasympathetic activity on the left side, what the heck is going on?

A

AV blocks

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16
Q

Scoliosis greater than what degree seriously compromises cardiac function?

A

75 degrees (oh, this is review)

17
Q

TrP in the right pectoralis major m is indicative of what?

A

SVT

18
Q

**A patient comes in with possibly acute myocardial infarction. What would be diagnostic for an anterior infarction?

a) OA FRrSr
b) AA FRrSr
c) C2 FRrSr
d) T2-T3 FRrSr
e) L4-L5 FRrSr

A

d) T2-T3 FRrSr

19
Q

**A patient comes in with possibly acute myocardial infarction. What would be diagnostic for an inferior wall infarction?

a) C4-C7 FRrSr
b) T1 FRrSr
c) C2 FRrSr
d) T2-T3 FRrSr
e) L4-L5 FRrSr

A

c) C2 FRrSr

This is VAGAL Hyperactivity in the C2 and Cranial Base

20
Q

T or F: OMT has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality in patients with MI

A

TRUE; OMT is awesome like that!

21
Q

If CPR was performed on a patient, how would you help treat them?

A

Treat Ribs and Sternum with INDIRECT techniques

22
Q

How do you restore vagal tone using OMT?

A

Treat the cranial base and upper cervicals (C2)

23
Q

In Myocardial Infarction, what are OMT treatment aiming to do?

A

Calming sympathetic hyperactivity in upper thoracics to lower incidence of ectopic foci and FR and remove factors that impede collateral circulation

24
Q

T or F: OMT can decrease medication requirements for patients with hypertension.

A

TRUE!

25
Q

You know that in congestive heart failure, 3 to 40x the resting amount of lymphatic return challenges the system. Where would you treat to help address this issue?

a) OA FRrSr
b) AA FRrSr
c) C2 FRrSr
d) T1-T6 FRrSr
e) L4-L5 FRrSr

A

d) T1-T6 FRrSr

Address the SYMPATHETICS at T1-T6. Also don’t forget lymphatic pump and effleurage techniques!

26
Q

In A.Fib., where would you look to treat to possibly alleviate this issue?

a) OA FRrSr
b) C7 FRrSr
c) T1-T6 FRrSr
d) L4-L5 FRrSr

A

a) OA FRrSr

Treatment of cranial base and upper cervicals to normalize vagal tone!

27
Q

Besides treatment of the cranial base and upper cervicals to normalize vagal tone, what other treatment can you use to help with A.Fib?

a) Lymphatic pump technique
b) Effleurage
c) Open the Thoracic Inlet
d) pectoralis TrP

A

d) pectoralis TrP (this helps treat POSTURAL factors)

OPP 3 (18 decks)

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