Sanders CH 14 Key Terms Flashcards
Abnormal endometrial tissue invasion into the uterine myometrium. The abnormally placed endometrial tissue responds to hormonal stimulation and bleeds at the time of periods.
Adenomyosis
Absence of menstrual periods.
Amenorrhea
If periods have never occurred
Primary amenorrhea
If periods have occurred in the past but are absent now
Secondary amenorrhea
Absence of ovulation. (menstruation and follicle development may still occur)
Anovulation
A uterus with a smooth outlined endometrial dip of more than 1.5cm at the fundus. Associated with an increased miscarriage rate.
Arcuate uterus
Scarring of the endometrial cavity of the uterus, usually as a consequence of previous infection or surgery.
Asherman Syndrome
The fundus of the uterus has a cleft in its outline of variable depth, giving a heart shape to the uterus. The endometrium is also split to a varying extent.
Bicornuate uterus
Blood-filled cyst associated with endometriosis
Chocolate cyst
Hormone used to stimulate ovulation
Clomid
Scar at the site of a previous corpus luteum
Corpus albicans
A progesterone-producing cyst that forms at the site of a dominant follicle after ovulation; persists during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Corpus luteum (corpus lutein)
The blind sutured end of the vagina after hysterectomy
Cuff
A duplicated uterus following failure of Mullerian fusion. Two separate unicornuate uteri lie adjacent at the cervices.
Didelphys uterus
Hormone secreted by growing follicles that stimulates the uterine endometrium to regenerate
Estrogen
Fluid sac containing a developing ovum within the ovary.
Follicle
Largest follicle where ovulation takes place
Dominant follicle (Graafian follicle)
A vaginal pouch formed around the cervix (upper portion of vagina surrounding cervix)
Fornix
Unfertilized egg
Gamete
Technology whereby ova are removed, fertilized, and then placed within the Fallopian tube
Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT)
Excessively hairy
Hirsutism
Hormone produced by the gestational sac trophoblastic tissue that increases with pregnancy. Can be measured in maternal blood.
hCG- human chorionic gonadotropin
Technique for fertilizing eggs with sperm OUTSIDE the body in a culture dish
In Vitro Fertilization
Term used for a type of infertility in which normal follicle fails to rupture and ovulate and continues to grow on a repeated basis
Luteinized Unruptured Follicle Syndrome (LUFS)
Hormone put out by the pituitary gland that stimulates ovulation
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
A mucus filled cyst that forms in the cervix; normal finding
Nabothian cyst
A woman who has not been pregnant
Nulliparous
Stimulation of ovulation by hormonal therapy
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrom (OHS)
Unfertilized egg within a follicle
Ovum
Previously pregnant woman
Parous
Pouch of Douglas space behind the uterus where fluid can collect
Posterior cul-de-sac
Hormone secreted by the corpus luteum that prepares the endometrium to receive a fertilized egg
Progesterone
Preovulatory phase; initially, the endometrium cavity echoes form a single thin line
Proliferative
Postovulatory phase; endometrial cavity echoes are thick
Secretory
Endometrial cavity is split in two, with one cavity supplying one horn and the second the other horn. May be complete or, more commonly, incomplete (subseptate).
Septate uterus
One-horned uterus; only diagnosable with 3D C-scan; poorly developed horn on opposite side may be present.
Unicornuate uterus
A fertilized egg
Zygote
