Sana - BIO -

Question 1

How does RNA primer help DNA poly III synthesize?

Answer 1

RNA primer is needed for DNA poly III to synthesize by adding nucleotides to each preceding 3’ hydroxyl group

Question 2

what does histone acetylase do?

Answer 2

Histone deacetylase makes histones interact more closely with associated DNA

Question 3

What is the difference between the RNA strand and DNA strand?

Answer 3

Remember that when asking for DNA strand, you choose the answer with T, not U

Question 4

which strand direction does DNA polymerase use as a template?

Answer 4

DNA polymerase synthesizes in the 3’ direction, using 3’ as the template

Question 5

what does an RNA AMP molecule have on the 2 carbon that a DNA AMP molecule does not?

Answer 5

an OH group on the 2 carbon

Question 6

how is primase represented on a strand?

Answer 6

primase is the “circular” object that is “coating” the strand

Question 7

when is a molecule susceptible to a nucleophilic attack? OR what does electron withdrawing mean?

Answer 7

a molecule is susceptible to a nucleophilic attack when it is less electron rich, meaning it is electron withdrawing

Question 8

what is the key difference between DNA polymerases used in eukaryotic DNA replication?

Answer 8

DNA polymerases used in eukaryotic DNA replication have enzymes w different secondary structures / replicative functions

Question 9

what acts as the nucleophile when forming a dipeptide bond?

Answer 9

the amino terminal nitrogen of one of the amino acids acts as the nucleophile, attacking the other amino acid

Question 10

how do enzyme inhibitors affect protein?

Answer 10

enzyme inhibitors disrupt the function of proteins, but do not denature them

Question 11

what does heat do in the gabriel synthesis?

Answer 11

heat is used at the end of gabriel synthesis to decarboxylate the molecule

Question 12

what is special about proline’s structure?

Answer 12

proline is the only amino acid whose amine group forms a ring, reducing its fluidity compared to others

Question 13

is it okay to round up when asking for how much of something is present?

Answer 13

no, do not round up bc your answer provides probably provides the max amount, so round down.

Question 14

can diseases only be inherited from the mother?

Answer 14

no, diseases can also be inherited from the father (y chromosome)

Question 15

are genes close together or far apart likely to be linked?

Answer 15

genes that are close together are more likely to be linked than genes that are far apart

Question 16

why are bacterial models so useful when studying disease transmission?

Answer 16

bacterial models are useful bc bacteria are haploid organisms, so their division times are increased, but they also allow for simple genetic analysis

Question 17

how do you calculate the probability for two different alleles that are equally probable?

Answer 17

you calculate the probability normally, and then divide by two at the end due to the different alleles being equally possible

Question 18

how can you tell when a disease is autosomal dominant inheritance?

Answer 18

it is autosomal dominant when each generation has it

Question 19

when a question is asking for all potential options, which do you choose?

Answer 19

choose the answer that has the potential to result in the desired outcome, even if it is not a 100% chance

Question 20

how can you tell how many alleles (1 or 2) are mutated at a locus?

Answer 20

you can assume that both alleles at a locus are mutated if the disease has a dominant inheritance pattern