sampling of participants

Question 1

population

Answer 1

the group sharing one or more characteristics, from which a sample is drawn

Question 2

sample

Answer 2

the group of people selected to represent the population in a study

Question 3

sampling technique

Answer 3

the method used to obtain the participants for a study from the population

Question 4

opportunity sample

Answer 4

participants are chosen because they are available

Question 5

volunteer (self-selected) sample

Answer 5

participants are invited to participate

Question 6

random sample

Answer 6

all members of the population are allocated numbers and a fixed amount of these are selected in a unbiased way

Question 7

(pos) opportunity sampling

Answer 7

quicker & easier bcs the participants are available

Question 8

(neg) opportunity sampling

Answer 8

non-representative as the variety of people available is likely to be limited

Question 9

(pos) volunteer

Answer 9

participants come to the researcher

Question 10

(neg) volunteer

Answer 10

non-representative as ppl who respond to requests may be similar

Question 11

(pos) random

Answer 11

likely to be representative as all types of people in the population are equally likely to be chosen

Question 12

(neg) random

Answer 12

in reality everyone may not be equally likely to be chosen e.g. if they cannot be accessed (if the original list is incomplete) or if mainly one type of participant (girls happen to be selected). this is particularly important if the sample is small