Sampling Flashcards
What is a Target Population?
Group of individuals that a researcher is interested in studying (e.g. year 6 boys)
What is a Sampling Frame?
A group/population that is identified when it is unrealistic to study the whole target population
What is Random Sampling?
A sampling technique where participants are selected from the sampling frame, where everyone has an equal chance of being selected (e.g. names are pulled out of a hat)
What is Opportunity Sampling?
A sampling technique where participants are selected at the researcher’s convenience without knowing any details about the sample in advance (e.g. picking people who were there at the time)
What is Systematic Sampling?
A sampling technique where every nth person on a list is selected by the researcher (e.g. every 3rd person)
What is Stratified Sampling?
A sampling technique where the target group is divided into subgroups (e.g. sex) then the participants are selected randomly from each subgroup
What is Quota Sampling?
A sampling technique where the target population is divided into subgroups (e.g. sex) and the participants are chosen from each subgroup at the convenience of the researcher
What is Self-Selected Sampling?
A sampling technique where participants volunteer (select themselves) for research (e.g. respond to the an advertisement in a newspaper)
What is Snowball Sampling?
A sampling technique where the participants are initially recruited by the psychologist + then those participants recruit further participants from people they know, therefore the sample group appears to ‘snowball’
What is Observational Sampling Techniques?
A sampling technique that is used to collect data about specific behaviors or events within specific time frames
What is Event Sampling?
Where participants are observed by the psychologists, who records a specific behaviour (event) each time it occurs to create a total score
What is Time Sampling?
Where the psychologists observers and records behaviour at specific time intervals (e.g. every 15 minutes) and then creates an average score for each participant being observed
