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Maths > Sampling > Flashcards

Sampling Flashcards

1
Q

Population

A

Whole set of items in interest

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2
Q

Census

A

Observes every member of the population

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3
Q

Sample

A

Selection of observations taking from a subset of the population

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4
Q

Census advantages

A

Complete accuracy

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5
Q

Census disadvantages

A

Time consuming, expensive, hard to process the large amount of data

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6
Q

Sample advantages

A

Quicker, cheaper, fewer people have to respond

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7
Q

Sample disadvantages

A

Data not completely accurate, sample may not be large enough

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8
Q

Simple random sampling

A

Picking names out of a hat, completely random

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9
Q

Simple random advantages

A

Free of bias, easy, cheap, equal chance

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10
Q

Simple random disadvantages

A

Not suitable for large samples and populations, sampling frame needed

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11
Q

Systematic sampling

A

Elements are chosen at random intervals from an ordered list

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12
Q

Systematic advantages

A

Simple, quick, suitable for large samples

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13
Q

Systematic disadvantages

A

Sampling frame is needed, bias introduced if sampling frame is not random

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14
Q

Stratified sampling

A

The population is divided into mutually exclusive strata and a random sample is taken from each

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15
Q

Stratified advantages

A

Sample accurately reflects population structure, proportional representation

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16
Q

Stratified disadvantages

A

Population must be clearly classified into distinct strata

17
Q

Non-random: Quota sampling

A

A selected sample that reflects the characteristics of the whole population

18
Q

Quota sampling advantages

A

Allows small sample to represent the population, no sampling frame, quick, easy, inexpensive, easy to compare

19
Q

Quota sampling disadvantages

A

Non-random, can introduce bias, population must be divided, non-responses not recorded

20
Q

Non-random: Opportunity sampling

A

Sample taken from people who are available at the time

21
Q

Opportunity advantages

A

Easy and inexpensive

22
Q

Opportunity disadvantages

A

Unlikely to be representative, dependant on individual researcher

Maths (3 decks)

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