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Introductory Sociology > Sample Test Questions > Flashcards

Sample Test Questions Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Malthus predicted that the population will grow at an exponential rate and rapidly exceed its ability to sustain itself. The solution he proposed for this problem is

A

Moral Restraint

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2
Q

Absolute poverty refers to a state wherein an individual is deprived of the resources which are essential for subsistence of poverty line while relative poverty refers to

A

Individuals who lack resources when compared to other members of the society

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3
Q

The meaning of dependency ratio

A

Portion of population composed of people who are too young or old to work

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4
Q

Which among below does not make up demographics? A) Mortality B) Age Structure C) Population Growth D) Scientific Explanations E) Fertility

A

D) Scientific Explanations

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5
Q

The correct equation for population growth is

A

(Deaths - Births) + (Immigrants - Emigrants) = Growth

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6
Q

What is a less intimate group where people pursue the same goals without a sense of belonging?

A

Secondary Group

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7
Q

Set of manners that are a part of everyday life in society

A

Folkways

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8
Q

A position given to those who have not achieved things on their own

A

Ascribed Status

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9
Q

Describe power elite

A

A small group of people who regularly make important decisions for the country. The power elite are the smallest group of people who make the most important decisions.

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10
Q

A set of cases randomly chosen from a large group

A

Sample

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11
Q

Similar in structure of organization

A

Qualitative

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12
Q

A person takes a bowling class at their local community college. They enjoy interacting with the other members in the class on a weekly basis. Is the class a primary or secondary group?

A

It is a secondary group because they share only one common interest and are not emotionally close.

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13
Q

Something measurable

A

Quantitative

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14
Q

People who share the same geographic area

A

Population

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15
Q

Ideals about what is desirable in behavior

A

Values

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16
Q

What age group is the fastest growing in the United States?

A

65+years

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17
Q

Rules that define the expected behavior

A

Norm

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18
Q

The term false consciousness is derived from the theories of

A

Karl Marx

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19
Q

Anything that is perceived by society as outside the norm

A

Deviance

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20
Q

A statistician is gathering data to prove a hypothesis. He begins by using a survey, which shows that he is incorrect. However, he is not convinced and moves on to using an experiment to test his hypothesis. He is still proven incorrect. Frustrated, the statistician asks a friend to test the hypothesis as well, and they also prove it incorrect. the statistician must conclude that his hypothesis is in fact incorrect. He has used the research method of?

A

Triangulation

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21
Q

Customs that are important to culture

A

Mores

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22
Q

Demographics is integral to the study of

A

Sociology

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23
Q

A family moves to the United States from Korea. The family speaks both Korean and English with each other. While they celebrate many national holidays of the United States, they also celebrate holidays from Korea and enjoy sharing the Korean culture with their neighbors. They have

A

Integrated
Combining old culture with new culture

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24
Q

A person walking to school is accidentally tripped by a stranger, the stranger hurries to apologize and the person assures them it is fine. Later, the same person is accidentally tripped by a younger sibling, who also apologizes, however this time the person becomes angry. The effect situation on the person’s response is called

A

Dramaturgy

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25
Q

Which religion believes that Jesus Christ was the son of God?

A

Christianity

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26
Q

Who wrote Gender Differences at Work: Women and Men in Nontraditional Occupations?

A

Christine Williams

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27
Q

The existence of multiple cultural groups in the same area is

A

Cultural Pluralism

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28
Q

Creation of standards

A

Normative Order

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29
Q

A society which is matrilineal will often also be

A

Matrilocal

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30
Q

Which religion believes in reincarnation?

A

Hinduism

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31
Q

Durhkheim developed a theory of functionalism, in which elements of society are used to maintain balance. According to Durkheim, these elements include

A

Traditions, folkways and mores.
Durkheim believed that these, and other elements, were used to create normality and stability in a society

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32
Q

Set of expectations of a person’s behavior based on their position in society

A

Role

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33
Q

A society in which a husband is expected to move in with his wife’s family is

A

Matrilocal

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34
Q

Who research and created the idea of groupthink?

A

Irving James

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35
Q

Which of the following correctly identifies the ratio of women to men in the 85+ age group?

A

Nearly double.
In the 85+ group there are twice as many women as men.

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36
Q

The Amish people in Pennsylvania have their own distinct customs, use their own banks, stores, schools and use not electricity. However, their customs are generally accepted by people in the surrounding areas. This is called?

A

Cultural Pluralism

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37
Q

Who studied group interactions

A

Wright Mills

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38
Q

A person who is of a certain religion refuses to marry anyone who is not of their same religion. This is an example of

A

Endogamy

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39
Q

Instability in a culture because of the erosion of morals

A

Anomie

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40
Q

What is the minimum amount of people for metropolis?

A

50,000

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41
Q

In which system the resources are privately owned?

A

Capitalism

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42
Q

A family in which the father is the dominant parent is

A

Patriachal

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43
Q

When the father’s lineage is more important than the mother’s?

A

Patrilineal

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44
Q

When the wife is expected to move in with her husband’s family?

A

Patrilocal

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45
Q

When parents share dominance

A

Egalitarian

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46
Q

Which of the following is not and institutions?
A. Government
B. Family
C. Medicine
D. Religion
E. Peer Group

A

Peer Group

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47
Q

In a monopoly a product is

A

Sold by only one company and there is no close substitute available

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48
Q

Which of the following was NOT one of Weber’s characteristics for an effective bureaucracy?

A

Implied Rule Systems
Weber believed that there needed to be specific and clearly defined formal systems of rules.

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49
Q

When the meaning of a trait depends on a cultural background it is called a trait

A

Cultural Relativism

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50
Q

What did William J Goode believe had an effect on divorce rates?

A

Industrialization

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51
Q

When a person thinks that everyone should be just like them

A

Ethnocentrism

52
Q

Which of the following is NOT and example of vertical mobility?
A. McDonald’s employee to lawyer
B. Industrial worker to doctor
C. Janitor to Governor
D. Construction worker to surgeon
E. All of the above are examples of vertical mobility.

A

E.

53
Q

The difference made to your mind by proves of assimilation

A

Accomodation

54
Q

Describe the resources mobilization theory

A

If the current pattern continues, there will come a point when humankind’s need for resources outstrips the world’s ability to produce resources.

55
Q

Rules created by the government

A

Law

56
Q

Beliefs, norm, values and attitudes

A

Culture

57
Q

According to Marx, poverty was direct result of what

A

Capitalism

58
Q

The process by which a person takes material into their mind from the environment

A

Assimilatoin

59
Q

A mother, child, grandmother, and aunt make up a

A

extended family

60
Q

A student wishes to know what the most popular type of music is in their school. What type of variable are they interested in?

A

Qualitative or Catergorical

61
Q

Which case outlawed segregation in schools?

A

Brown vs. Board of Education

62
Q

An individual moves to the United States from Egypt. They feel out of place and begin to everything they can to fit in better. They change their style and stop speaking Arabic. Eventually most people come to assume they were actually born in the United States. They have

A

Assimilated

63
Q

A mother, father, daughter, and some make up

A

Nuclear Family

64
Q

Which of the following is NOT a type of mobility?
A. Anomic
B. Intergenerational
C. Intragenerational
D. Horizontal
E. Vertical

A

Anomic

65
Q

When members of different classes or groups marry

A

Exogamy

66
Q

Who introduced the idea of gemeinschaft and gesellschaft?

A

Ferdinand Tonnies

67
Q

Which of the following is an example of an amalgamation?
A. Canadians
B. Mestizos
C. Chileans
D. Scandinavians
E. All of the above

A

Mestizos
This term is for people of mixed Native American and European descent

68
Q

Which of the following is a measure of the reproductive potential of a population?

A

Fecundity

69
Q

When one man and one woman marry

A

Monogamy

70
Q

Which of the following is the most common family structure in the United States?

A

Nuclear Family

71
Q

A group of two people is called

A

Dyad

72
Q

What age group is used in calculating the fecundity of a population?

A

Women age 15 to 44

73
Q

According to Marx’s conflict theory, what is the privileged class with control of resources who are overthrown by the exploited class?

A

Bourgeoisie

74
Q

Which of the following, when broken, will yield the worst punishment?
A. Norms
B. Folkways
C. Anomies
D. Mores
E. All of the above

A

Mores

75
Q

Which of the following is closest to amalgamation?
A. Monopolization
B. Division
C. Merging
D. Replacement
E. Distribution

A

Merging.
Amalgamation refers to a mixing of two previously separate groups.

76
Q

When one man marries more than women?

A

Polygamy

77
Q

When a person feels that they lack values of purpose it is called

A

Anomie

78
Q

False consciousness stops people from seeing their potential for

A

Upward Mobility

79
Q

Who wrote The Power Elite?

A

Wright Mills

80
Q

Which of the following best describes the glass ceiling?

A

A theoretical barrier preventing women and minorities from advancing due to discrimination

81
Q

Who studied suicide?

A

Emile Durkheim

82
Q

Which of the following is the BEST example of an ethnic group?
A. Ethiopians
B. Quakers
C. African Americans
D. Caucasians
E. Belgians

A

Quakers
Quakers are a religious group, whereas all the other options describe either a nationality or race.

83
Q

In triangulation, how many methods must claims be validated through?

A

Three or more

84
Q

George Mead developed which of the following?
A. Social interactionist theory
B. Conflict Theory
C. Attachment Theory
D. Characteristics of efficient bureaucracy
E. The existence of power elite

A

Social Interactionist Theory

85
Q

Who coined the term “ power elite”?

A

Wright Mills

86
Q

Societies which the lineage of the husband and wife are equally important are

A

Bilineal

87
Q

When someone follows the group it is called

A

Groupthink

88
Q

Which of the following words most correctly describes how ethnic groups are classified?
A. Culture
B. Ancestry
C. Citizenship
D. Religion
E. Physical Traits

A

Culture.

89
Q

Which of the following is not an element of culture?
A. Custom
B. Language
C. Values and Beliefs
D. Population
E. All of the above

A

Population

90
Q

A person is arrested for burglary and the prosecutor allows them to plead gilty to attempted burglary. This is called

A

Charge bargain

91
Q

When we think a celebrity must be good with children and money because of their status and money it is called?

A

Halo Effect

92
Q

What leaves no visible victim?

A

White collar crime

93
Q

Which of the following is NOT an element of demographics?
A. Population size
B. Death Rate
C. Location
D. Income Level
E. All of the above

A

All of the elements are elements of demographics.

94
Q

According to Tonnies, the best example of gameinschaft was a

A

Family

95
Q

Which of the following are NOT white collar crimes?
A. Embezzling
B. Insider Trading
C. Tax evasion
D. Assault
E. Operating without a license

A

Assault

96
Q

A person is raised in highly industrial city and their family is quite wealthy. However, they marry a person from a poor southern farming town. This is an example of

A

Exogamy

97
Q

A social group with intense intimacy

A

Primary Group

98
Q

Which of the following is NOT a secondary group?
A. Quilting Clubs
B. Sport Teams
C. Nuclear Family
D. Alcoholics Anonymous
E. Both C and D

A

Nuclear Family

99
Q

A collection of data from all cases or people in the chosen set

A

Census

100
Q

What age group has the highest number of people in poverty?

A

Under 18

101
Q

In which system is a queen or king present?

A

Monarchy

102
Q

Describes the relation between culture and society?

A

Societies can be described by their cultures.

103
Q

Who wrote the book World Revolution and Family Patterns

A

William J Goode

104
Q

Which of the following is the largest?
A. Village
B. Town
C. Megalopolis
D. Metropolis

A

Megalopolis

105
Q

The emotional intensity of the attachments in a group

A

Social Solidarity

106
Q

Which age groups are considered dependents?

A

Younger than 15 and older than 64

107
Q

A person is charged with manslaughter and the prosecutor allows them to plead guilty for a short sentence instead of going to trial. This is called

A

Sentence Bargain

108
Q

Unfriendly interaction between groups

A

Social Conflict

109
Q

Which sociologist developed a theory of effective characteristics for bureaucracies?

A

Max Weber

110
Q

Who developed the term glass esculator?

A

Christine Williams

111
Q

The pluralist model describes the distribution of power within society as

A

Fragmented and divided among many small groups

112
Q

Differential association theory claims that

A

Crime is behavior that is learned by association

113
Q

According to Mead’s stages of shelf, which stage is characterized by simple imitation?

A

Perparation

114
Q

Neo-Mathusian theory advocates

A

Birth Control

115
Q

Absolute poverty occurs when

A

An individual cannot obtain the basic necessities of life

116
Q

What is an example of manifest dysfunction?

A

Loud noise from a party disrupting neighbors

117
Q

Who wrote the book The Second Shift?

A

Arlie Russell Hoschchild

118
Q

Double consciousness occurs when

A

An individual experiences a feeling of having two competing social identities

119
Q

According to the world systems theory, the core religions are those which

A

are more developed and hold economic, military and social advantages.

120
Q

What is true according to the demographic transition theory?

A

Stabilized countries have low population growth

121
Q

Which of the following is NOT an example of cultural pluralism?
A. Chinatown
B. Amish
C. Native American Reservations
D. Politicians
E. All of the above

A

Politicians

122
Q

What is the dependency ratio?

A

Ratio of dependents within a society to the total population

123
Q

Triangulation occurs when

A

An individual refuses to confront the person that they are angry with and instead goes to a third party

124
Q

In sociology, a triad is a

A

Social group of three individuals

125
Q

Changes in public policy and shifting views of women have led to

A

Increased numbers of women in sports

126
Q

The term glass escalator refers to

A

The tendency of males to do better in female-dominated field than females in male-dominated fields

Introductory Sociology (2 decks)

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